This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations.(June 2020) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style.(February 2024) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The economy of the Russian Empire covers the economic history of Russia from 1721 to the October Revolution of 1917 (which ushered in a period of civil war, culminating in the creation of the Soviet Union).
Russian national income per capita increased and moved to closer to the most developed economies of Northern and Western Europe from the late 17th century to the 1740s.[1] After the 1740s, the Russian economy stagnated and declined. In the 18th century, Russian national income per capita was about 40-70% of British per capita income but higher than Poland's.[1] By 1860, Russian GDP per capita was similar to that of Japan; one-third of GDP per capita in the United States or the United Kingdom; and twice that of China or India.[1] Russia was a late industrializer.[1]
Serfdom, which held back development of the wage labor market and created a shortage of labor for industry, was abolished in 1861.[1] In the aftermath, GDP per capita was volatile and did not substantially increase.[1] Steady economic growth began in the 1890s, alongside a structural transformation of the Russian economy.[1] By the time World War I started, more than half the Russian economy was still devoted to agriculture.[1] By the early 20th century, the Russian economy had fallen further behind the American and British economies.[1] From the late 19th century to the early 20th century, the economy grew at a similar pace as the Japanese economy and faster than the Brazilian, Indian and Chinese economies.[1]
^ abcdefghijZhuravskaya, Ekaterina; Guriev, Sergei; Markevich, Andrei (2024). "New Russian Economic History". Journal of Economic Literature. 62 (1): 47–114. doi:10.1257/jel.20221564. ISSN 0022-0515.
and 28 Related for: Economy of the Russian Empire information
Industrialization in theRussianEmpire saw the development of an industrial economy, whereby labor productivity increased and the demand for industrial...
The State Bank oftheRussianEmpire (Russian: Государственный банк Российской Империи) was the dominant financial institution oftheRussianEmpire following...
world economy and theempire'seconomy, along with comparisons to the United States and RussianEmpire. The British imperial territory with the largest...
TheRussianEmpire, also known as Tsarist Russia, Tsarist Empire or Imperial Russia, and sometimes simply as Russia, was a vast realm that spanned most...
Agriculture in theRussianEmpire throughout the 19th-20th centuries Russia represented a major world force, yet it lagged technologically behind other...
The emancipation reform of 1861 in Russia, also known as the Edict of Emancipation ofRussia, (Russian: Крестьянская реформа 1861 года, romanized: Krestyanskaya...
existed in the central and southern areas ofthe Tsardom ofRussia and, from 1721, ofthe subsequent RussianEmpire. Serfdom in Little Russia (parts of today's...
agriculturalists (Russian: Во́льные хлебопа́шцы, Свободные хлебопашцы, literally, free ploughmen) were a category of peasants in theRussianEmpire in 19th century...
The shadow economy (Russian: Теневая экономика) is one ofthe most controversial aspects ofRussia's economic history. In 2011, according to official Rosstat...
Several empires in human history have been contenders for the largest of all time, depending on definition and mode of measurement. Possible ways of measuring...
the passenger aircraft industry in Russia became the main goal. TheRussian aircraft industry offers a portfolio of internationally competitive military...
are their plants in Russia. TheRussianEmpire had a long history of progress in the development of machinery. As early as in the eighteenth century Ivan...
in theRussianEmpire included numerous pogroms and the designation ofthe Pale of Settlement from which Jews were forbidden to migrate into the interior...
corvée economy had been diminishing due to the increasing involvement of peasant exploitation (see Russian serfdom). At the turn ofthe 16th century, the service...
The territory of Crimea, previously controlled by the Crimean Khanate, was annexed by theRussianEmpire on 19 April [O.S. 8 April] 1783. The period before...
The Treaty of Kulja (also spelled Kuldja) (Chinese: 中俄伊犁塔爾巴哈臺通商章程) was an unequal treaty between Qing China and theRussianEmpire, signed in 1851, opening...
in Moscow, Russia. It was founded in 1907 by entrepreneur Alexei Vishnyakov as the first finance-specialized college in theRussianEmpire. In addition...
territories on the mainland (the Spanish Main) ofthe Americas. TheRussianEmpire formed from what was Tsardom ofRussia under Peter the Great. Emperor...
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm that spanned much of Southeast Europe, West Asia...
Free Economic Society for the Encouragement of Agriculture and Husbandry (Russian: Вольное экономическое общество) was Russia's first learned society which...
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, theempire stretched from the outer fringes ofthe Indus River Basin in the west...
During the early 20th century theeconomyoftheRussianEmpire was a primarily agrarian country with isolated pockets of heavy industries. TheEmpire fell...