Economic transparency refers to banks and other financial institutions that have made data available about their financial position and condition.[1] However, the definition depends on the perspective of different research areas through which it is examined, mainly monetary economics, international finance, corporate finance, and others (e.g. public economics, international trade, asset pricing, and labor economics). The WTO defines economic transparency as a “degree to which trade policies and practices, and the process by which they are established, are open and predictable.” (WTO’s 2014 glossary). United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD, 2012) relates to transparency as to “a state of affairs in which the participants in the investment process are able to obtain sufficient information from each other in order to make informed decisions and meet obligations and commitments”. According to the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) there are three main branches: transparency in economic policy, in the institutional structures surrounding the markets, and in the corporate sector.[2]
Since financial crises in emerging market economies in the 1990s, the Asian financial crises in 1997-1998 among them, weakness of institutions, lack of transparency in actual balance-sheets of firms, unintelligible corporate structures, and incomprehensible financial markets have revealed as a fundamental issue. The following corporate fraud scandals in the United States and Europe (e.g. Enron, Tyco, WorldCom) in the early 2000s amplified the importance of this issue even more.[2] Finally, the financial collapse of renowned industries provoked demands for greater transparency to help improve corporate governance in the United States and other industrialized countries.[1]
Fiscal transparency is perceived to be essential for informed decision making, for guaranteeing some accountability, and for maintaining fiscal discipline.[3]
Central banks differ considerably in the ways in which they have become more transparent. The Bank of England has been a leading example in this regard.[2]
^ abCite error: The named reference USperspective was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ abcForssbaeck, Jens; Oxelheim, Lars, eds. (2015). The Oxford Handbook of Economic and Institutional Transparency. Oxford University. ISBN 978-0-19-991769-3.
^GAVAZZA, ALESSANDRO (2009). "Transparency and Economic Policy". The Review of Economic Studies. 76 (3): 1023–1048. doi:10.1111/j.1467-937X.2009.00547.x.
and 26 Related for: Economic transparency information
Economictransparency refers to banks and other financial institutions that have made data available about their financial position and condition. However...
of Ghana deals with corruption, economic malpractice and lack of economictransparency. Despite significant economic progress, obstacles do remain. Particular...
The index is published annually by the non-governmental organisation Transparency International since 1995. The 2023 CPI, published in January 2024, currently...
Transparency International e.V. (TI) is a German registered association founded in 1993 by former employees of the World Bank. Based in Berlin, its nonprofit...
often like his "own personal enterprise", many times with limited economictransparency, a tendency that has been questioned in various countries. In notable...
Research transparency is a major aspect of scientific research. It covers a variety of scientific principles and practices: reproducibility, data and code...
system of Ghana deals with corruption, economic malpractice and lack of economictransparency. According to Transparency International's Corruption Perception...
can have different levels of participation, ranging from complete economictransparency, to participatory management, and ultimately labor management. Participatory...
Transparency International Bangladesh (TIB) is the Bangladeshi branch of the Berlin-based Transparency International, a civil society organisation dedicated...
rating with the high rating they had received from other economic freedom indexes, such as Transparency International and Moody's. UAE argued called the Index...
The World Economic Forum (WEF) is an international advocacy non-governmental organization and think tank, based in Cologny, Canton of Geneva, Switzerland...
technology driving economic growth in developing regions. In 2006 Wired’s Chris Anderson blogged on the shift from secrecy to transparency blogging culture...
most often connected to ideas of government transparency, participation and accountability. Transparency is defined as the visibility and inferability...
Perceptions Index 2011". Transparency International. Archived from the original on 20 November 2012. Retrieved 9 July 2012. e.V., Transparency International (25...
The Economic Crime and Corporate Transparency Act 2023 (c. 56) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. One of the act's main aims is to overhaul...
Wage transparency, salary compensation, and compensation transparency generally, involves disclosure of employee compensation amounts, either among other...
Media transparency, also referred to as transparent media or media opacity, is a concept that explores how and why information subsidies are being produced...
Economic Forum". 29 October 2004. Archived from the original on 4 April 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2022. "Global Corruption Report 2006 – Transparency International...
The economic development in India followed socialist-inspired politicians for most of its independent history, including state-ownership of many sectors;...
Retrieved on 12 July 2013. e.V, Transparency International (21 February 2018). "Corruption Perceptions Index 2017". transparency.org. Archived from the original...
Corporate transparency describes the extent to which a corporation's actions are observable by outsiders. This is a consequence of regulation, local norms...
The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) is a Norwegian-based organization that seeks to establish a global standard for the good governance...
The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) is a South African communist and black nationalist political party. It was founded by expelled former African National...
transparency includes public reporting on the past, present, and future state of public finances. Fiscal policies have critical impacts on economic,...
2005: To Improve Governance Volume – I: Key Highlights, Transparency International India. Economic Survey 2004–2005, archived from the original on 16 December...
effectively re-routed the Silk Road through Isfahan. As of 2019, economictransparency is lacking in Isfahan. The Association of Mass Builders of Housing...