Echelon cracks are a related series of cracks in a planar structure and are a response to shearing forces in the plane of the surface. Such cracks are typically found in asphalt roadways due to aseismic creep and in other planar structures such as walls and building facades due to non-uniform settlement into soft soil.
Such cracks in a uniform surface will form at a uniform angle to the general direction of shear and will progress with more-or-less uniform spacing, length, and offset, thus forming the echelon.
On a larger scale, a zone between offset strike slip faults may have minor en echelon fault strands that accommodate the shearing motion induced in the region. On rock undergoing these shearing stresses en echelon veins may occur as fracture fillings.[1]
^Davis, G. H., and Reynolds, S. J., Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions. 2nd Ed. 1996 ISBN 0-471-52621-5
Echeloncracks are a related series of cracks in a planar structure and are a response to shearing forces in the plane of the surface. Such cracks are...
features. Echelon faults and en echelon veins are examples. In sheet material response to shear stress it is typical for a series of echeloncracks to form...
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damage to asphalt road surfaces will usually appear as a series of echeloncracks. Creep effects may be seen also in older structures crossing the fault...
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begin to grow secondary cracks as well. This will occur homogeneously over the entire sample. These micro-cracks form an echelon that can form an “intrinsic”...
Patrick S. Poole, Echelon: America's Secret Global Surveillance Network (Washington, D.C.: Free Congress Foundation, October 1998) Echelon", 60 Minutes, February...
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Cf. William Henry Scott, Cracks in the Parchment Curtain, Quezon City: 1998, pp. 124–125. Cf. William Henry Scott, Cracks in the Parchment Curtain, Quezon...
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resulted in the establishment of a global surveillance network, code-named "ECHELON" (1971). The origins of global surveillance can be traced back to the late...
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