Test card designed in 1956 to be used with black and white analogue TV systems
EIA 1956 video resolution targetOff-air photo of EIA 1956 test card being broadcast by offshore pirate station TV Noordzee, 12 August 1964Off-air photo of RMA 1946 Resolution Chart being broadcast by Dutch public broadcaster NTS, 7 September 1961
The EIA 1956 Resolution Chart[1][2] (until 1975 called RETMA Resolution Chart 1956) is a test card originally designed in 1956 to be used with black and white analogue TV systems,[3][4] based on the previous (and very similar) RMA 1946 Resolution Chart.[5][6] It consisted of a printed chart filmed by a TV camera or monoscope to be displayed on a TV screen, and was also available as individual rolls of test film to test broadcasting equipment.[7] Inspecting the chart allowed to check for defects like ringing, geometric distortions, raster scan linearity, cathode-ray tube uniformity and lack of image resolution.[8][9] If needed, a technician could use it to perform the necessary hardware adjustments.
Today, this chart continues to be used to measure image resolution of modern cameras and lenses and also in scientific research.[3][10][11][12][13][14][15]
^Kang, Moon Gi (April 3, 2003). Selected Papers on CCD and CMOS Imagers. SPIE Press. ISBN 9780819451149 – via Google Books.
^Sampat, Nitin; Yeh, Thomas (April 3, 1999). Sensors, Cameras, and Applications for Digital Photography: 27-28 January 1999, San Jose, California. SPIE. ISBN 9780819431219 – via Google Books.
^ abEvans, John (2006). Standards for Visual Acuity(PDF). KT Consulting.
^QA-70-1 Video Resolution Pattern (EIA-1956) Product Specifications(PDF). Applied Image Inc.
^"GJ's Home Page- Resolution test chart RMA 1946". home.kpn.nl.
^Bali, S. P. Bali, Rajeev. Audio Video Systems. Khanna Publishing House. ISBN 9788187522058 – via Google Books.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^"Resolution Measured TV Lines". Causeway Security Solutions.
^"EIA-1956 Resolution Video Test Chart QA-70 – 登華資訊".
^Malone, T. (August 1997). VNIIEF NMPC and A Maintenance Management Conference -- video surveillance. VNIIEF NMC&A maintenance management conference. Richland, WA. OSTI 634045.
^"Video Resolution Test Patterns". www.bealecorner.com.
^Liu, Yingli; Dai, Yijie; Shen, Fanqi; Yang, Lin; Ding, Zhanghao; Zheng, Zhenrong; Wu, Rengmao; Xu, Liu (28 March 2022). "High-performance imaging with an advanced non-imaging lens based on full-path optical diffraction calculation in two-dimensional space". Optics Express. 30 (7): 11014–11025. Bibcode:2022OExpr..3011014L. doi:10.1364/OE.449685. PMID 35473054. S2CID 247388943.
^Yang, D.X.D.; Gamal, A.E.; Fowler, B.; Tian, H. (December 1999). "A 640/spl times/512 CMOS image sensor with ultrawide dynamic range floating-point pixel-level ADC". IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 34 (12): 1821–1834. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.75.7179. doi:10.1109/4.808907. S2CID 35539716.
^Simova, Eli; Rochefort, Paul A. (2015). "Ionizing Radiation Effects in Non-Radiation-Tolerant Commercial Video Cameras". 2015 IEEE Radiation Effects Data Workshop (REDW). pp. 1–6. doi:10.1109/REDW.2015.7336719. ISBN 978-1-4673-7641-9. S2CID 18380237.
^Ghosh, Kunal Kumar (2010). Miniature and Mass-Producible Fluorescence Microscopes for Biomedical Imaging (Thesis). ProQuest 2442179265.
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