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Dolby Digital, originally synonymous with Dolby AC-3, is the name for a family of audio compression technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories. Called Dolby Stereo Digital until 1995, it is lossy compression (except for Dolby TrueHD). The first use of Dolby Digital was to provide digital sound in cinemas from 35 mm film prints. It has since also been used for TV broadcast, radio broadcast via satellite, digital video streaming, DVDs, Blu-ray discs and game consoles.
The basis of the Dolby AC-3 multi-channel audio coding standard is the modified discrete cosine transform (MDCT), a lossy audio compression algorithm.[1] It is a modification of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) algorithm, which was proposed by Nasir Ahmed in 1972 for image compression.[2] The DCT was adapted into the MDCT by J.P. Princen, A.W. Johnson and Alan B. Bradley at the University of Surrey in 1987.[3]
Dolby Laboratories adapted the MDCT algorithm along with perceptual coding principles to develop the AC-3 audio format for cinema. The AC-3 format was released as the Dolby Digital standard in February 1991.[4][5] Dolby Digital was the earliest MDCT-based audio compression standard released, and was followed by others for home and portable usage, such as Sony's ATRAC (1992), the MP3 standard (1993) and AAC (1997).[6]
^Andersen, Robert Loring; Crockett, Brett Graham; Davidson, Grant A.; Davis, Mark Franklin; Fielder, Louis D.; Turner, Stephen C.; Vinton, Mark S.; Williams, Phillip (October 2004). "Introduction to Dolby Digital Plus, an Enhancement to the Dolby Digital Coding System" (PDF). Audio Engineering Society Convention (117th AES Convention): 1–29. Retrieved 17 October 2019.
^Ahmed, Nasir (January 1991). "How I Came Up With the Discrete Cosine Transform" (PDF). Digital Signal Processing. 1 (1): 4–5. doi:10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z.
^Princen, J.P.; Johnson, A.W.; Bradley, Alan B. (1987). "Subband/Transform coding using filter bank designs based on time domain aliasing cancellation". ICASSP '87. IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. Vol. 12. pp. 2161–2164. doi:10.1109/ICASSP.1987.1169405. S2CID 58446992.
^Britanak, V. (2011). "On Properties, Relations, and Simplified Implementation of Filter Banks in the Dolby Digital (Plus) AC-3 Audio Coding Standards". IEEE Transactions on Audio, Speech, and Language Processing. 19 (5): 1231–1241. doi:10.1109/TASL.2010.2087755. S2CID 897622.
^"A Chronology of Dolby Laboratories: May 1965-May 1998" (PDF). Film-Tech. Dolby. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 March 2006. Retrieved 15 May 2022.
^Luo, Fa-Long (2008). Mobile Multimedia Broadcasting Standards: Technology and Practice. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 590. ISBN 9780387782638.
DolbyDigital, originally synonymous with Dolby AC-3, is the name for a family of audio compression technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories. Called...
DolbyDigital Plus, also known as Enhanced AC-3 (and commonly abbreviated as DDP, DD+, E-AC-3 or EC-3), is a digital audio compression scheme developed...
Dolby Laboratories, Inc. (often shortened to Dolby Labs and known simply as Dolby) is a British-American technology corporation specializing in audio...
Dolby Pro Logic is a surround sound processing technology developed by Dolby Laboratories, designed to decode soundtracks encoded with Dolby Surround....
Other titles support 1080p (HD) streaming with 5.1 DolbyDigital or DolbyDigital Plus audio, with Dolby Atmos coming soon to certain titles. For titles...
compatible hardware. Dolby TrueHD, along with DolbyDigital Plus (E-AC-3) and Dolby AC-4, is one of the intended successors to the DolbyDigital (AC-3) lossy...
Dolby Stereo is a sound format made by Dolby Laboratories. It is a unified brand for two completely different basic systems: the Dolby SVA (stereo variable-area)...
use Dolby Stereo sound. Dolby then developed a digital surround sound compression scheme for the cinema. Dolby Stereo Digital (now simply called Dolby Digital)...
DolbyDigital always include an analog Dolby Stereo soundtrack with Dolby SR noise reduction, thus these prints are known as Dolby SR-D prints. Dolby...
Dolby Vision is a set of technologies developed by Dolby Laboratories for high dynamic range (HDR) video. It covers content creation, distribution, and...
in place of the mono surround. Dolby Stereo was succeeded by DolbyDigital 5.1 in the cinema, which retained the Dolby Stereo 70 mm 5.1 channel layout...
accompanying optical analog format when DolbyDigital is present. Dolby SR was originally implemented in Dolby's Cat. 280 card, which was pin-compatible...
Dolby Cinema is a premium cinema created by Dolby Laboratories that combines Dolby proprietary technologies such as Dolby Vision and Dolby Atmos, as well...
The Xbox branding was formerly, from 2012 to 2015, used as Microsoft's digital media entertainment brand replacing Zune. In 2022, Microsoft expanded its...
receivers) will typically have both Dolby and DTS's technologies. These are DolbyDigital EX and DTS ES. Dolby introduced Dolby Pro Logic II to allow stereo...
HandBrake-produced M4V files can also be played on the PlayStation 3, with full DolbyDigital 5.1 surround support. Comparison of (audio/video) container formats...
sound such as DolbyDigital or DTS Surround System. Unlike HDMI, TOSLINK does not have the bandwidth to carry the uncompressed versions of Dolby TrueHD, DTS-HD...
1958), known by the stage name Thomas Dolby, is an English musician, producer, composer, entrepreneur and teacher. Dolby came to prominence in the 1980s, releasing...
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