Dirty COW (Dirty copy-on-write) is a computer security vulnerability of the Linux kernel that affected all Linux-based operating systems, including Android devices, that used older versions of the Linux kernel created before 2018. It is a local privilege escalation bug that exploits a race condition in the implementation of the copy-on-write mechanism in the kernel's memory-management subsystem. Computers and devices that still use the older kernels remain vulnerable.
The vulnerability was discovered by Phil Oester.[1][2]
Because of the race condition, with the right timing, a local attacker can exploit the copy-on-write mechanism to turn a read-only mapping of a file into a writable mapping. Although it is a local privilege escalation, remote attackers can use it in conjunction with other exploits that allow remote execution of non-privileged code to achieve remote root access on a computer.[1] The attack itself does not leave traces in the system log.[2]
The vulnerability has the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures designation CVE-2016-5195.[3] Dirty Cow was one of the first security issues transparently fixed in Ubuntu by the Canonical Live Patch service.[4]
It has been demonstrated that the vulnerability can be utilized to root any Android device up to (and excluding) Android version 7 (Nougat).[5]
^ abGoodin, Dan (2016-10-20). ""Most serious" Linux privilege-escalation bug ever is under active exploit (updated)". Ars Technica. Retrieved 2016-10-21.
^ abVaughan-Nichols, Steven J. "The Dirty Cow Linux bug: A silly name for a serious problem". ZDNet. Retrieved 2016-10-21.
^"Kernel Local Privilege Escalation - CVE-2016-5195 - Red Hat Customer Portal". access.redhat.com. Retrieved 2016-10-21.
^"LSN-0012-1 Linux kernel vulnerability". Ubuntu Security mailing list. October 20, 2016.
^"Android phones rooted by "most serious" Linux escalation bug ever". Ars Technica. October 24, 2016.
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