Shortest peptide molecule, containing two amino acids joined by a single peptide bond
A dipeptide is an organic compound derived from two amino acids. The constituent amino acids can be the same or different. When different, two isomers of the dipeptide are possible, depending on the sequence. Several dipeptides are physiologically important, and some are both physiologically and commercially significant. A well known dipeptide is aspartame, an artificial sweetener.[1]
Glycylglycine is the simplest dipeptide.
Dipeptides are white solids. Many are far more water-soluble than the parent amino acids.[1] For example, the dipeptide Ala-Gln has the solubility of 586 g/L more than 10x the solubility of Gln (35 g/L). Dipeptides also can exhibit different stabilities, e.g. with respect to hydrolysis. Gln does not withstand sterilization procedures, whereas this dipeptide does. Because dipeptides are prone to hydrolysis, the high solubility is exploited in infusions, i.e. to provide nutrition.[2]
^ abYagasaki M, Hashimoto S (November 2008). "Synthesis and application of dipeptides; current status and perspectives". Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 81 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1007/s00253-008-1590-3. PMID 18795289.
^Fürst P, Pogan K, Stehle P (1997). "Glutamine dipeptides in clinical nutrition". Nutrition. 13 (7–8): 731–7. doi:10.1016/S0899-9007(97)83035-3. PMID 9263278.
A dipeptide is an organic compound derived from two amino acids. The constituent amino acids can be the same or different. When different, two isomers...
Muramyl dipeptide is a component of bacterial peptidoglycan, a recognition structure or activator for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2)...
Dipeptide hydrolase may refer to: Membrane dipeptidase, an enzyme Angiotensin-converting enzyme, an enzyme This set index page lists enzyme articles associated...
and beverages. It is a methyl ester of the aspartic acid/phenylalanine dipeptide with brand names NutraSweet, Equal, and Canderel. Aspartame was approved...
of fewer than twenty amino acids are called oligopeptides, and include dipeptides, tripeptides, and tetrapeptides. Peptides fall under the broad chemical...
recognizes molecules containing the specific structure called muramyl dipeptide (MDP) that is found in certain bacteria. The C-terminal portion of the...
the other's carboxylic acid group. The resulting molecule is called a dipeptide, and short stretches of amino acids (usually, fewer than thirty) are called...
forms the basic structure of penicillins. It is made up of an enclosed dipeptide formed by the condensation of L-cysteine and D-valine. This results in...
penultimate) peptide bond; the process releases a single amino acid, dipeptide or a tripeptide from the peptide chain. Depending on whether the amino...
type of amide bond between two amino acids. When two amino acids form a dipeptide through a peptide bond, it is a type of condensation reaction. In this...
carbon of this side chain) and the amino group of the cysteine. This dipeptide is then condensed with glycine by glutathione synthetase to form glutathione...
exist; the acrasin for Polysphondylium violaceum, purified in 1983, is the dipeptide glorin. Calcium ions too serve to attract slime mold amoebae, at least...
of RNA transcripts in the nucleus, translation of the RNA into toxic dipeptide repeat proteins in the cytoplasm, and decreased levels of the normal C9orf72...
Raizel R, Tirapegui J (5 December 2018). "Role of glutamine, as free or dipeptide form, on muscle recovery from resistance training: a review study". Nutrire...
lipopolysaccharides and flagellin in gram-negative bacteria, muramyl dipeptide in the peptidoglycan of the gram-positive bacterial cell wall, and CpG...
proteins into peptides or proteoses, which is further broken down into dipeptides and amino acids by enzymes in the small intestine. Studies suggest that...
peptide nitrogen produces the characteristic color. This is found with dipeptides. The reagent is commonly used in the biuret protein assay, a colorimetric...
Alitame is an aspartic acid-containing dipeptide sweetener. It was developed by Pfizer in the early 1980s and currently marketed in some countries under...
acids, called dipeptides. Dipeptidases are secreted onto the brush border of the villi in the small intestine, where they cleave dipeptides into their two...
is encoded by the CNDP2 gene. This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of dipeptides, preferentially those containing hydrophobic amino acids. The human enzyme...
glucose (dextrose), protein (usually whey) hydrolysate containing mainly dipeptides and tripeptides, and leucine. Some weight trainers also take ergogenic...
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