Democide refers to "the intentional killing of an unarmed or disarmed person by government agents acting in their authoritative capacity and pursuant to government policy or high command." The term was first coined by Holocaust historian and statistics expert, R.J. Rummel in his book Death by Government, but has also been described as a better term than genocide to refer to certain types of mass killings, by renowned Holocaust historian Yehuda Bauer.[1][2] According to Rummel, this definition covers a wide range of deaths, including forced labor and concentration camp victims, extrajudicial summary killings, and mass deaths due to governmental acts of criminal omission and neglect, such as in deliberate famines like the Holodomor, as well as killings by de facto governments, for example, killings during a civil war.[1][2] This definition covers any murder of any number of persons by any government.[1][2]
Rummel created democide as an extended term to include forms of government murder not covered by genocide. According to Rummel, democide surpassed war as the leading cause of non-natural death in the 20th century.[3][4]
^ abcHarff, Barbara (1996). "Death by Government by R. J. Rummel". The Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 27 (1). MIT Press: 117–119. doi:10.2307/206491. JSTOR 206491.
^ abcHarff, Barbara (2017). "The Comparative Analysis of Mass Atrocities and Genocide" (PDF). In Gleditish, N. P. (ed.). R.J. Rummel: An Assessment of His Many Contributions. SpringerBriefs on Pioneers in Science and Practice. Vol. 37. New York: Springer. pp. 111–129. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54463-2_12. ISBN 9783319544632.
^Rummel, Rudolph (2003) [1997]. Statistic of Democide: Genocide and Mass Murder Since 1900 (hardback ed.). Charlottesville, Virginia; New Brunswick, New Jersey: Center for National Security Law, School of Law, University of Virginia; Transaction Publishers, Rutgers University. ISBN 9783825840105. Retrieved 2 December 2021 – via Power Kills.
^Rummel, Rudolph (1 February 2005). "Democide Vs. Other Causes of Death". Democratic Peace. Archived from the original on 9 May 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
Democide refers to "the intentional killing of an unarmed or disarmed person by government agents acting in their authoritative capacity and pursuant to...
Indonesia 1965–66 Atrocities in the Congo Free State Compulsory sterilization Democide Ethnic cleansing Ethnocide Forced assimilation Maafa Atlantic slave trade...
the 20th century, democide resulted in over 262 million deaths. Holocaust historian Yehuda Bauer agreed with Rummel that democide was a more appropriate...
disregards civilian lives, or they may be arbitrary acts of cruelty. See democide. This section lists deaths caused by poor labor conditions, executions...
systematic killing of members of a specific gender. Democide – political scientist Rudolph Rummel defined democide as "the intentional killing of an unarmed or...
Statistics of Democide: Genocide and Mass Murder Since 1990. Lit Verlag. ISBN 3-8258-4010-7. Available online: "Statistics of Democide: Chapter 3 - Statistics...
POW.) E. French Democide-23,000 German POW. F. Yugoslav Democide- 145,000 (75,000 ethnic Germans and 70,000 POW) g. Hungarian Democide-12,000 ethnic Germans...
June 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2018. Rummell, R.J. "Statistics". Freedom, Democide, War. The University of Hawaii System. Archived from the original on 23...
bringing the total number of civilians and prisoners of war who died in the democide to an estimated 19.3 million people. Hitler's policies resulted in the...
including civilians inadvertently killed. He estimated that victims of democide (deliberate killing of civilians) included 214,000 by North Vietnam/VC...
define some of such killings include classicide, crimes against humanity, democide, genocide, politicide, holocaust, mass killing, and repression. These scholars...
proposing that democracy is the form of government least likely to commit democide. Democide Rudolph Rummel Rummel's Law Power Kills: Democracy as a Method of...
Nation Books. p. 216. ISBN 978-1-56858-503-1. "Statistics of Pakistan's Democide". Retrieved 10 February 2015. Beachler, Donald (2011). The Genocide Debate:...
Nazi genocidal policy". R.J. Rummel estimated the death toll due to Nazi Democide at 20.9 million persons. Timothy Snyder put the number of victims of the...
Other terms have been used to describe these events, including classicide, democide, red holocaust, and politicide. The mass killings have been studied by...
Diem-era in democide from a range of between 16,000 and 167,000 people; for 1964 to 1975, Rummel estimated 50,000 people were killed in democide, from a range...
(1997), "10. Statistics of North Korean Democide: Estimates, Calculations, and Sources", Statistics of Democide, Hawaii Omestad, Thomas, "Gulag Nation"...
civilian casualties and displacement, have been characterised as genocide and democide. On 15 September 2023, a U.N.-mandated investigative body presented their...
Indonesia 1965–66 Atrocities in the Congo Free State Compulsory sterilization Democide Ethnic cleansing Ethnocide Forced assimilation Maafa Atlantic slave trade...
of persons during a military attack that were not the object of attack. Democide or populicide – the murder of any person or people by a government. Extrajudicial...
exterminate humanity. He believes his mother was murdered by this failed democide attempt. He believes that the COVID vaccine is a "military grade bioweapon"...
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