Army campaign between China and Japan before the Second Sino-Japanese War
Defense of the Great Wall
Part of the Inner Mongolian Campaign
Great Wall, 1933
Date
(1933-01-01) (1933-05-31)January 1 – May 31, 1933 (4 months, 4 weeks and 2 days)
Location
Eastern end of the Great Wall of China
Result
Japanese-Manchukuo victory
Tanggu Truce
Belligerents
China
Japan
Manchukuo
Commanders and leaders
Zhang Xueliang
He Yingqin
Xu Tingyao
Song Zheyuan
Tong Linge
Zhang Zizhong
Zhao Dengyu
Nobuyoshi Mutō
Zhang Haipeng
Strength
Northeastern Army: 50,000+
Japan: 50,000 Manchukuo: 42,000
Casualties and losses
Unknown
Unknown
v
t
e
Second Sino-Japanese War
1931–1937 (pre-war skirmishes)
Manchuria
Mukden
Lytton Report
Jiangqiao
Nenjiang Bridge
Jinzhou
Harbin
1st Shanghai
Pacification of Manchukuo
Inner Mongolia
Great Wall
Rehe
Suiyuan
1937–1939
Marco Polo Bridge
Beiping–Tianjin
Chahar
2nd Shanghai
Sihang Warehouse
Railway Operation
Beiping–Hankou
Tianjin–Pukou
Taiyuan
Pingxingguan
Xinkou
Nanking
Massacre
Xuzhou
Taierzhuang
North-East Henan
Lanfeng
Amoy
Chongqing
Yellow River flood
Wuhan
Wanjialing
Wenxi fire
Canton
Hainan
Nanchang
Suixian–Zaoyang
Swatow
1st Changsha
South Guangxi
Kunlun Pass
Winter Offensive
West Suiyuan
Wuyuan
1940–1942
Zaoyang–Yichang
Hundred Regiments
North Vietnam
Central Hubei
South Anhui
South Henan
West Hubei
Shanggao
South Shanxi
2nd Changsha
3rd Changsha
Yunnan-Burma Road
Tachiao
Oktwin
Toungoo
Yenangyaung
Zhejiang–Jiangxi
Sichuan (cancelled)
1943–1945
West Hubei
North Burma and West Yunnan
Myitkyina
Mount Song
Changde
Ichi-Go
4th Changsha
Hengyang
Guilin–Liuzhou
West Henan–North Hubei
West Hunan
Guangxi
Air War
Taihoku
v
t
e
Military campaigns of the Empire of Japan
Meiji period
Taiwan (1874)
Ganghwa (1875)
Ryukyu (1879)
Manchuria, Korea, and Taiwan (1894–1895)
Liaodong Peninsula (1895)
China (1899–1901)
Manchuria and Korea (1904–1905)
Korea (1910)
Taishō period
Tsingtao (1914)
Siberia (1918–1922)
Shōwa period
Manchuria and Inner Mongolia (1931–1936)
China (1937–45)
French Indochina (1940)
Asia-Pacific (1941–1945)
The defense of the Great Wall (simplified Chinese: 长城抗战; traditional Chinese: 長城抗戰; pinyin: Chángchéng Kàngzhàn) (January 1 – May 31, 1933) was a campaign between the armies of Republic of China and Empire of Japan, which took place before the Second Sino-Japanese War officially commenced in 1937 and after the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931. It is known in Japanese as Operation Nekka (熱河作戰, Nekka Sakusen) and in many English sources as the First Battle of Hopei.
During this campaign, Japan successfully captured the Inner Mongolian province of Rehe from the Chinese warlord Zhang Xueliang, and incorporated it into the newly created state of Manchukuo, whose southern frontier was thus extended to the Great Wall of China.
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