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De Oratore information


First page of a miniature of Cicero's De oratore, 15th century, Northern Italy, now at the British Museum

De Oratore (On the Orator) is a dialogue written by Cicero in 55 BC. It is set in 91 BC, when Lucius Licinius Crassus dies, just before the Social War and the civil war between Marius and Sulla, during which Marcus Antonius (orator), the other great orator of this dialogue, dies. During this year, the author faces a difficult political situation: after his return from exile in Dyrrachium (modern Albania), his house was destroyed by the gangs of Clodius in a time when violence was common. This was intertwined with the street politics of Rome.[1]

Amidst the moral and political decadence of the state, Cicero wrote De Oratore to describe the ideal orator and imagine him as a moral guide of the state. He did not intend De Oratore as merely a treatise on rhetoric, but went beyond mere technique to make several references to philosophical principles. Cicero believed that the power of persuasion—the ability to verbally manipulate opinion in crucial political decisions—was a key issue and that in the hands of an unprincipled orator, this power would endanger the entire community.

As a consequence, moral principles can be taken either by the examples of noble men of the past or by the great Greek philosophers, who provided ethical ways to be followed in their teaching and their works. The perfect orator shall be not merely a skilled speaker without moral principles, but both an expert of rhetorical technique and a man of wide knowledge in law, history, and ethical principles. De Oratore is an exposition of issues, techniques, and divisions in rhetoric; it is also a parade of examples for several of them and it makes continuous references to philosophical concepts to be merged for a perfect result.

  1. ^ Clark 1911, p. 354 footnote 3.

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De Oratore

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De Oratore (On the Orator) is a dialogue written by Cicero in 55 BC. It is set in 91 BC, when Lucius Licinius Crassus dies, just before the Social War...

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Writings of Cicero

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De Oratore, Books 1–2. II. De Oratore, Book 3. De Fato, Paradoxa Stoicorum, De Partitione Oratoria. 1985. Leeman, D. H. Pinkster, et al. De Oratore Libri...

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Scipionic Circle

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the two dialogues, a young man in De re publica and an old man, the father-in-law and teacher of Crassus, in De oratore." Terence, Carthaginian-born playwright...

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Method of loci

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rhetorical treatises (in the anonymous Rhetorica ad Herennium, Cicero's De Oratore, and Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria). Many memory contest champions...

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Magistra vitae

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Magistra vitae is a Latin expression, used by Cicero in his De Oratore as a personification of history, means "life's teacher". Often paraphrased as Historia...

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Baldassare Castiglione

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celebrated treatise De Officiis ("The Duties of a Gentleman"), well known throughout the Middle Ages, and even more so from his De Oratore, which had been...

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Lucius Licinius Crassus

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the main speakers in Cicero's dramatic dialogue on the art of oratory De Oratore, set just before Crassus' death in 91 BC. He was considered the greatest...

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Scipio Aemilianus

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De Oratore, II.40 Velleius Paterculus, Roman History, 1.13.3 Polybius, The Histories, 34, 15.7, 16.2 Gellius, Attic Nights, 2.20.4 Cicero De Oratore,...

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Ioci

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important use of iocī in terms of rhetoric was Cicero's use of it in De Oratore. It is not exactly a joke or humor used in a rhetorical way, but a blanket...

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Docere

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instruct, teach, or point out. Cicero first introduced this term in his book De Oratore. Cicero wrote this book in 55 BC as a dialogue to describe the ideal speaker...

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Sophist

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terms which Philip accepted.[citation needed] James A. Herrick wrote: "In De Oratore, Cicero blames Plato for separating wisdom and eloquence in the philosopher's...

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Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo

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orator known for his wit and humour. Cicero published a dialogue called De Oratore, in which Strabo explains why humour is important in speech. He was an...

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Otium

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one passage of De Oratore he explains that Philistus spent his retirement writing history as his otium. He goes on to say in De Oratore Book iii that other...

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Rhetoric

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(1926) [c. 322 BCE]. Rhetoric. Cicero (1902) [55 BCE]. De Oratore (in Latin). Cicero (1984) [84 BCE]. De Inventione (in Latin). Demosthenes (1939) [c. 322 BCE]...

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Cicero

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François-Alphonse (1901). Histoire politique de la Révolution française: Origines et Développement de la Démocratie et de la République (1789–1804). Librairie...

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Claudia gens

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Marcus Tullius Cicero, Brutus, De Divinatione, De Domo Sua, De Haruspicum Responsis, De Legibus, De Officiis, De Oratore, Divinatio in Quintum Caecilium...

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Sulpicia gens

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20, 23, De Republica i. 14, 15, De Senectute, 14, Laelius de Amicitia, 27, De Officiis, i. 6. Cicero, De Oratore, i. 53, Brutus, 23, Laelius de Amicitia...

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Polemic

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perceptions of Islam. Routledge. p. 420. Philippe Bobichon, "Littérature de controverse entre judaïsme et christianisme: Description du corpus et réflexions...

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Octavia gens

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"Senatus Consultum De Agro Pergameno", p. 368. Cicero, De Oratore, i. 36. Suetonius, "The Life of Augustus," 2, 4, 6. Cicero, De Officiis, ii. 21, Brutus...

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Roman censor

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Cicero de Senectute 12; Livy xxxix. 42; Valerius Maximus ii. 9. § 3; Plutarch Cato Major 17; Cicero De Divinatione i. 16. Livy iv. 24; Cicero de Oratore ii...

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List of phrases containing the word vitae

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the creosote bush family Magistra vitae, Latin expression from Cicero's De Oratore, "history is life's teacher" Non scholae, sed vitae discimus, Latin phrase...

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Plato

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Griffin London, Thames and Hudson. Lilar, Suzanne (1967) A propos de Sartre et de l'amour , Paris, Grasset. Lundberg, Phillip (2005). Tallyho – The Hunt...

Word Count : 9053

Ciceronianism

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Epistulae ad Atticum in 1345 and with the discovery of De oratore, Orator, and Brutus by Gerardo Landriani [de] in 1421. It culminated in Pietro Bembo establishing...

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Litotes

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The first known mention of litotes is in a letter from Cicero in 55 BC (De Oratore). Cicero uses the word to mean simplicity (or frugality) of life. The...

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Philippic

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Alexander (c. 350 BC) De Sophisticis Elenchis (c. 350 BC) Topics (c. 350 BC) De Inventione (84 BC) Rhetorica ad Herennium (80 BC) De Oratore (55 BC) A Dialogue...

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Literary topos

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Virgil's Aeneid); warlike love (see the work Stanze per la giostra by Giuliano de 'Medici by Angelo Poliziano), love as homage (see the courtly lyric poem)...

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Mucia gens

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vol. I, pp. 499, 500. Cicero, Laelius de Amicitia, 8, c. 1, Brutus, c. 26, 35, De Finibus, i. 3, De Oratore, i. 17, ii. 70, Philippicae, viii. 10, Pro...

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Art of memory

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subject at length include the Rhetorica ad Herennium (Bk III), Cicero's De oratore (Bk II 350–360), and Quintilian's Institutio Oratoria (Bk XI). Additionally...

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Manius Manilius

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at Nepheris, a Carthaginian stronghold south of the city. In Cicero's De oratore, Manilius was depicted as a member of the Scipionic Circle. In the work...

Word Count : 343

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