This article is about all forms of data storage. For data storage on computers in particular, see computer data storage.
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Edison cylinder phonograph c. 1899. The phonograph cylinder is a storage medium. The phonograph may be considered a storage device especially as machines of this vintage were able to record on blank cylinders.On a reel-to-reel tape recorder (Sony TC-630), the recorder is data storage equipment and the magnetic tape is a data storage medium.Various electronic storage devicesDNA and RNA can be considered as biological storage media.[1]
Computer memory and Computer data storage types
General
Memory cell
Memory coherence
Cache coherence
Memory hierarchy
Memory access pattern
Memory map
Secondary storage
MOS memory
floating-gate
Continuous availability
Areal density (computer storage)
Block (data storage)
Object storage
Direct-attached storage
Network-attached storage
Storage area network
Block-level storage
Single-instance storage
Data
Structured data
Unstructured data
Big data
Metadata
Data compression
Data corruption
Data cleansing
Data degradation
Data integrity
Data security
Data validation
Data validation and reconciliation
Data recovery
Storage
Data cluster
Directory
Shared resource
File sharing
File system
Clustered file system
Distributed file system
Distributed file system for cloud
Distributed data store
Distributed database
Database
Data bank
Data storage
Data store
Data deduplication
Data structure
Data redundancy
Replication (computing)
Memory refresh
Storage record
Information repository
Knowledge base
Computer file
Object file
File deletion
File copying
Backup
Core dump
Hex dump
Data communication
Information transfer
Temporary file
Copy protection
Digital rights management
Volume (computing)
Boot sector
Master boot record
Volume boot record
Disk array
Disk image
Disk mirroring
Disk aggregation
Disk partitioning
Memory segmentation
Locality of reference
Logical disk
Storage virtualization
Virtual memory
Memory-mapped file
Software entropy
Software rot
In-memory database
In-memory processing
Persistence (computer science)
Persistent data structure
RAID
Non-RAID drive architectures
Memory paging
Bank switching
Grid computing
Cloud computing
Cloud storage
Fog computing
Edge computing
Dew computing
Amdahl's law
Moore's law
Kryder's law
Volatile
RAM
Hardware cache
CPU cache
Scratchpad memory
DRAM
eDRAM
SDRAM
SGRAM
LPDDR
QDRSRAM
EDO DRAM
XDR DRAM
RDRAM
DDR
GDDR
HBM
SRAM
1T-SRAM
ReRAM
QRAM
Content-addressable memory (CAM)
Computational RAM
VRAM
Dual-ported RAM
Video RAM (dual-ported DRAM)
Historical
Williams–Kilburn tube (1946–1947)
Delay-line memory (1947)
Mellon optical memory (1951)
Selectron tube (1952)
Dekatron
T-RAM (2009)
Z-RAM (2002–2010)
Non-volatile
ROM
Diode matrix
MROM
PROM
EPROM
EEPROM
ROM cartridge
Solid-state storage (SSS)
Flash memory is used in:
Solid-state drive (SSD)
Solid-state hybrid drive (SSHD)
USB flash drive
IBM FlashSystem
Flash Core Module
Memory card
Memory Stick
CompactFlash
PC Card
MultiMediaCard
SD card
SIM card
SmartMedia
Universal Flash Storage
SxS
MicroP2
XQD card
Programmable metallization cell
NVRAM
Memistor
Memristor
PCM (3D XPoint)
MRAM
Electrochemical RAM (ECRAM)
Nano-RAM
CBRAM
Early-stage NVRAM
FeRAM
ReRAM
FeFET memory
Analog recording
Phonograph cylinder
Phonograph record
Quadruplex videotape
Vision Electronic Recording Apparatus
Magnetic recording
Magnetic storage
Magnetic tape
Magnetic-tape data storage
Tape drive
Tape library
Digital Data Storage (DDS)
Videotape
Videocassette
Cassette tape
Linear Tape-Open
Betamax
8 mm video format
DV
MiniDV
MicroMV
U-matic
VHS
S-VHS
VHS-C
D-VHS
Hard disk drive
Optical
3D optical data storage
Optical disc
LaserDisc
Compact Disc Digital Audio (CDDA)
CD
CD Video
CD-R
CD-RW
Video CD
Super Video CD
Mini CD
Nintendo optical discs
CD-ROM
Hyper CD-ROM
DVD
DVD+R
DVD-Video
DVD card
DVD-RAM
MiniDVD
HD DVD
Blu-ray
Ultra HD Blu-ray
Holographic Versatile Disc
WORM
In development
CBRAM
Racetrack memory
NRAM
Millipede memory
ECRAM
Patterned media
Holographic data storage
Electronic quantum holography
5D optical data storage
DNA digital data storage
Universal memory
Time crystal
Quantum memory
UltraRAM
Historical
Paper data storage (1725)
Punched card (1725)
Punched tape (1725)
Plugboard
Drum memory (1932)
Magnetic-core memory (1949)
Plated-wire memory (1957)
Core rope memory (1960s)
Thin-film memory (1962)
Disk pack (1962)
Twistor memory (~1968)
Bubble memory (~1970)
Floppy disk (1971)
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Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium. Handwriting, phonographic recording, magnetic tape, and optical discs are all examples of storage media. Biological molecules such as RNA and DNA are considered by some as data storage.[1][2] Recording may be accomplished with virtually any form of energy. Electronic data storage requires electrical power to store and retrieve data.
Data storage in a digital, machine-readable medium is sometimes called digital data. Computer data storage is one of the core functions of a general-purpose computer. Electronic documents can be stored in much less space than paper documents.[3] Barcodes and magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) are two ways of recording machine-readable data on paper.
^ abGilbert, Walter (Feb 1986). "The RNA World". Nature. 319 (6055): 618. Bibcode:1986Natur.319..618G. doi:10.1038/319618a0. S2CID 8026658.
^Hubert, Bert (9 January 2021). "DNA seen through the eyes of a coder". Retrieved 12 September 2022.
^Rotenstreich, Shmuel. "The Difference between Electronic and Paper Documents" (PDF). George Washington University. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 12 April 2016.
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Computer datastorage or digital datastorage is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data. It...
5D optical datastorage (also branded as Superman memory crystal, a reference to the Kryptonian memory crystals from the Superman franchise) is an experimental...
DNA digital datastorage is the process of encoding and decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA. While DNA as a storage medium has...
3D optical datastorage is any form of optical datastorage in which information can be recorded or read with three-dimensional resolution (as opposed...
Paper datastorage refers to the use of paper as a datastorage device. This includes writing, illustrating, and the use of data that can be interpreted...
Cloud storage is a model of computer datastorage in which data, said to be on "the cloud", is stored remotely in logical pools and is accessible to users...
Optical storage refers to a class of datastorage systems that use light to read or write data to an underlying optical media. Although a number of optical...
Object storage (also known as object-based storage or blob storage) is a computer datastorage approach that manages data as "blobs" or "objects", as opposed...
and data science; which often involves machine learning. Making the data usable usually involves substantial compute and storage, as well as data processing...
data deduplication is a technique for eliminating duplicate copies of repeating data. Successful implementation of the technique can improve storage utilization...
A storage area network (SAN) or storage network is a computer network which provides access to consolidated, block-level datastorage. SANs are primarily...
Cloud storage Computer datastorage, a means to retain digital dataDatastorage, general recording and retention of information Energy storage Specific...
Magnetic storage or magnetic recording is the storage of data on a magnetized medium. Magnetic storage uses different patterns of magnetisation in a magnetizable...
science, a data structure is a data organization, and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure...
persistent data on users' devices similar to cookies, but with much larger capacity and no information sent in HTTP headers. There are two main web storage types:...
Disk storage (also sometimes called drive storage) is a datastorage mechanism based on a rotating disk. The recording employs various electronic, magnetic...
A datastorage tag (DST), also sometimes known as an archival tag, is a combination of a data logger and multiple sensors that record data at predetermined...
structure to this storage. There are different types of datastorage devices used for copying backups of data that is already in secondary storage onto archive...
data is moving to online storage, which poses a privacy risk in the situation that the device is resold to another individual. The importance of data...
comprehended when used in small amounts only. Big data analysis challenges include capturing data, datastorage, data analysis, search, sharing, transfer, visualization...
high-density datastorage but less efficient for random access tasks. NAND Flash is often employed in scenarios where cost-effective, high-capacity storage is crucial...
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