Dacian (/ˈdeɪʃən/) is an extinct language generally believed to be a member of the Indo-European language family that was spoken in the ancient region of Dacia.
While there is general agreement among scholars that Dacian was an Indo-European language, there are divergent opinions about its place within the IE family:
Dacian and the extinct Thracian language were members of a single dialect continuum; e.g. Baldi (1983) and Trask (2000).
Dacian was a language distinct from Thracian but closely related to it, belonging to the same branch of the Indo-European family (a "Thraco-Dacian", or "Daco-Thracian" branch has been theorised by some linguists).[2]
Dacian, Thracian, the Baltic languages (Duridanov also adds Pelasgian) formed a distinct branch of Indo-European, e.g. Schall (1974), Duridanov (1976), Radulescu (1987) and Mayer (1996).[3][4][5][6]
Daco-Moesian was the ancestor of Albanian, belonging to a branch other than Thracian, but closely related to Thracian and distinct from Illyrian. Proposed by Georgiev (1977),[7] this view has not gained wide acceptance among scholars and is rejected by most linguists, who consider that Albanian belongs to the Illyrian branch of IE,[8] either as a direct descendant or as a sister language.[9]
The Dacian language is poorly documented. Unlike Phrygian, which is documented by c. 200 inscriptions, only one Dacian inscription is believed to have survived.[10][11] The Dacian names for a number of medicinal plants and herbs may survive in ancient literary texts,[12][13] including about 60 plant-names in Dioscorides.[14] About 1,150 personal names[11][15] and 900 toponyms may also be of Dacian origin.[11] A few hundred words in modern Romanian and Albanian may have originated in ancient Balkan languages such as Dacian (see List of Romanian words of possible Dacian origin). Linguists have reconstructed about 100 Dacian words from placenames using established techniques of comparative linguistics, although only 20–25 such reconstructions had achieved wide acceptance by 1982.[16]
^"Dacian". Archived from the original on 30 December 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
^Edwards, Gadd & Hammond 1971, p. 840.
^Schall H., Sudbalten und Daker. Vater der Lettoslawen. In:Primus congressus studiorum thracicorum. Thracia II. Serdicae, 1974, S. 304, 308, 310
^The Language of the Thracians, Ivan Duridanov, 2.9 Thracian and Illyrian
Dacian (/ˈdeɪʃən/) is an extinct language generally believed to be a member of the Indo-European language family that was spoken in the ancient region...
Poland. The Dacians and the related Getae spoke the Dacianlanguage, which has a debated relationship with the neighbouring Thracian language and may be...
neighboring language, Dacian is usually regarded as closely related to Thracian. However, there is insufficient evidence with respect to either language to ascertain...
This article contains a list of reconstructed words of the ancient Dacianlanguage. They have been restored by some linguists from attested place and...
(/ˈdeɪʃə/, DAY-shə; Latin: [ˈd̪aː.ki.a]) was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black...
they are attested. A Daco-Thracian (or Thraco-Dacian) grouping with Dacian as either the same language or different from Thracian was widely held until...
Satiriae. The Dacian falx came in two sizes: one-handed and two-handed. The shorter variant was called sica (sickle) in the Dacianlanguage (Valerius Maximus...
(disambiguation) DaciansDacianlanguageDacian may also refer to: Dacian archaeology Dacian art Dacia in art Dacian culture Dacian deities Dacian goddesses Dacian gods...
are one of the primary sources left to us for studying the Dacianlanguage, an ancient language of South Eastern Europe. This list also includes a Bessian...
Dacianism is a Romanian term describing the tendency to ascribe, largely relying on questionable data and subjective interpretation, an idealized past...
'Thraco-Dacian' language into northern and southern groups of dialects, but not so different as to rank Thracian and Dacian as separate languages, There...
the Danube. The ancient geographer also wrote that the Dacians and Getae spoke the same language, after stating the same about Getae and Thracians. Strabo's...
around Thrace and Dacia. A number of these settlements were Thracian and Dacian, but some were Celtic, Greek, Roman, Paeonian, or Persian. A number of cities...
/d/ did evolve into /δ/ at the beginning of Ossetian words. Getae Dacianlanguage Lubotsky 2002, p. 190. Compare L. Zgusta, Die griechischen Personennamen...
that borrowing cannot be totally ruled out. Ancient Macedonian languageDacianlanguage#Anatolia "Neo-Phrygian". Archived from the original on 11 August...
This is a list of ancient Dacian towns and fortresses from all the territories once inhabited by Dacians, Getae and Moesi. The large majority of them are...
dialect, also represents one of the core languages of the Balkan Sprachbund. Thraco-Dacian or Thracian, a language that although almost unattested has left...
romanized: Dekebalos; r. 87 – 106 AD), sometimes referred to as Diurpaneus, was the last Dacian king. He is famous for fighting three wars, with varying success, against...
relationship between the languages of the Baltic family and the following extinct languages: Dacian Thracian The Baltic classification of Dacian and Thracian has...
cannot tell the precise boundarie[citation needed] The Dacians spoke a dialect of the Thracian language but were influenced culturally by the neighbouring...
words used for the European cinquefoil (P. reptans) in the now-extinct Dacianlanguage, as attested in Latin herbals.[citation needed] In another medieval...
The Apuli or Biefi were a Dacian tribe centered at the Dacian town Apulon (Latin Apulum) near what is now Alba Iulia in Transylvania, Romania. Apuli has...
The so-called Free Dacians (Romanian: Dacii liberi) is the name given by some modern historians to those Dacians who putatively remained outside, or emigrated...
caput-galli) is one of the few words of the extinct Dacianlanguage that have been recorded. The Dacians called this plant aniarsexe or aniassexie. In George...
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