Extinct Brittonic language of northern England and southern Scotland
Not to be confused with Cumbrian dialect.
For the adjective more generally referring to Cumbria, see Cumbrian (disambiguation).
Cumbric
Region
Northern England & Southern Scotland
Extinct
12th century[1]
Language family
Indo-European
Celtic
Insular Celtic
Brittonic
Western Brittonic?
Cumbric
Language codes
ISO 639-3
xcb
Linguist List
xcb
Glottolog
None
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Cumbric was a variety of the Common Brittonic language spoken during the Early Middle Ages in the Hen Ogledd or "Old North" in what is now the counties of Westmorland, Cumberland, northern Lancashire in Northern England and the southern Scottish Lowlands.[2] It was closely related to Old Welsh and the other Brittonic languages. Place name evidence suggests Cumbric may also have been spoken as far south as Pendle and the Yorkshire Dales. The prevailing view is that it became extinct in the 12th century, after the incorporation of the semi-independent Kingdom of Strathclyde into the Kingdom of Scotland.
^Nicolaisen, W. F. H. Scottish Place Names p. 131
^Koch, John T. (2006). Celtic Culture: a historical encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. pp. 515–516. ISBN 9781851094400.
Cumbric was a variety of the Common Brittonic language spoken during the Early Middle Ages in the Hen Ogledd or "Old North" in what is now the counties...
history known as Roman Britain (c. AD 410) the inhabitants of Cumbria were Cumbric-speaking native Romano-Britons who were probably descendants of the Brigantes...
and thus to the modern Welsh language; the language of yr Hen Ogledd, Cumbric, became extinct after the expansion of the Middle Irish-speaking Dál Riata...
into regional dialects, eventually evolving into Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Cumbric, and probably Pictish. Welsh and Breton continue to be spoken as native...
of the Celtic Britons were rapidly diverging into Neo-Brittonic: Welsh, Cumbric, Cornish, Breton, and possibly the Pictish language. Over the next three...
Elmet. Its population spoke a variety of the Brittonic language known as Cumbric which is closely related to, if not a dialect of Old Welsh. The people...
Haltwhistle, Northumberland, are thought to derive from the aforementioned Cumbric cognate, or another Brythonic equivalent. This likely underlies some examples...
influenced by the Roman occupation. This group of languages (Welsh, Cornish, Cumbric) cohabited alongside English into the modern period, but due to their remoteness...
Proto-Celtic in Dál Riata developing into Gaelic rather than into Pictish or Cumbric as it did east and south of the Highlands. Gaelic in Scotland was mostly...
Common Brittonic developed into the distinct Brittonic languages: Welsh, Cumbric, Cornish and Breton. In Celtic studies, 'Britons' refers to native speakers...
Elfed), sometimes Elmed or Elmete, was an independent Brittonic Celtic Cumbric speaking kingdom between about the 4th century and mid 7th century. The...
and religious clerics. Some other parts of the Scottish Lowlands spoke Cumbric, and others Scots Inglis, the only exceptions being the Northern Isles...
which was composed most likely in the late 6th century. It was written in Cumbric or Old Welsh and contains the earliest known reference to King Arthur....
Deira (/ˈdaɪrə, ˈdɛərə/ DY-rə, DAIR-ə; Old Welsh/Cumbric: Deywr or Deifr; Old English: Derenrice or Dere) was an area of Post-Roman Britain, and a later...
England and southern Scotland – and therefore may have been the ancestor of Cumbric as well as Welsh. Jackson, however, believed that the two varieties were...
geographical and cultural features, such as cèilidh, loch, whisky, glen and clan. Cumbric and Pictish, the medieval Brittonic languages of Northern England and Scotland...
English borrowed the word separately from a number of loughs in the previous Cumbric language areas of Northumbria and Cumbria. Earlier forms of English included...
Sign Language Francosign Irish Sign Language Insular Celtic Brythonic Cumbric Pictish Goidelic Galwegian Gaelic Anglic Old English Middle English Yola...
evidence, indicate the ways in which the Pictish language in the north and Cumbric languages in the south were overlaid and replaced by Gaelic, Old English...
Viking-ruled York (867–927; 939–944; 947–954) Common languages Old English Cumbric Latin Old Norse (in Scandinavian York) Religion Paganism (before 7th century)...
this enlarged kingdom Cumbraland. The language of Strathclyde is known as Cumbric, which was closely related to Old Welsh. Its inhabitants were referred...
associated with the king Urien Rheged and his family. Its inhabitants spoke Cumbric, a Brittonic dialect closely related to Old Welsh. The origin of the name...
revived in Cornwall. Historically, another Brittonic Celtic language, Cumbric, was spoken in Cumbria in North West England, but it died out in the 11th...
Disathairne ("Saturday") and Didòmhnaich ("Sunday"). The Brittonic languages Cumbric and Pictish were spoken in Scotland during the Early to High Middle Ages...
numbers Hevera (8), Devera (9) and Dick (10) which are from the language Cumbric. The rhyme is thought to have been based on the astronomical clock at Exeter...
and Manx (a Goidelic language). There are also attempts to reconstruct Cumbric, a Brittonic language of northern Britain. Celtic regions of mainland Europe...
developed into several distinct tongues, including Cornish, Welsh, Breton, Cumbric and Pictish. The first written account of Cornwall comes from the 1st-century...
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