Crankshaft housing in reciprocating combustion engines
For other uses, see Crankcase (disambiguation).
De Dion-Bouton engine (circa 1905) with a crankcase formed from separate castings of the upper and lower halves[1]
A crankcase is the housing in a piston engine that surrounds the crankshaft. In most modern engines, the crankcase is integrated into the engine block.
Two-stroke engines typically use a crankcase-compression design, resulting in the fuel/air mixture passing through the crankcase before entering the cylinder(s). This design of the engine does not include an oil sump in the crankcase.
Four-stroke engines typically have an oil sump at the bottom of the crankcase and the majority of the engine's oil is held within the crankcase. The fuel/air mixture does not pass through the crankcase, though a small amount of exhaust gasses often enter as "blow-by" from the combustion chamber, particularly in engines with worn rings.
The crankcase often forms the upper half of the main bearing journals (with the bearing caps forming the other half), although in some engines the crankcase completely surrounds the main bearing journals.
An open-crank engine has no crankcase. This design was used in early engines and remains in use in some large marine diesel engines.
^Kennedy, Rankin (1905). The De Dion-Bouton Engine and Cars. The Book of Modern Engines and Power Generators (1912 ed.). London: Caxton. pp. 78–89.
A crankcase is the housing in a piston engine that surrounds the crankshaft. In most modern engines, the crankcase is integrated into the engine block...
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the cylinder block, to which a separate crankcase was attached. Modern engine blocks typically have the crankcase integrated with the cylinder block as...
A tunnel crankcase, tunnel crankshaft or disc-webbed crankshaft is a design feature of a piston engine where the main bearings that support the crankshaft...
out of the crankcase so that it does not accumulate contaminating the oil and creating corrosion. In two-stroke gasoline engines the crankcase is part of...
of whose major components (such as cylinder head, cylinder block, or crankcase) are formed, usually by casting, as a single integral unit, rather than...
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oil catch tank or oil catch can is a device that is fitted into the cam/crankcase ventilation system on a car. Installing an oil catch can aims to reduce...
optionally be designed to keep the engine's crankcase at lower than atmospheric pressure (vacuum), by sealing the crankcase and allowing the scavenge pumps to...
of an inline engine include a poor power-to-weight ratio, because the crankcase and crankshaft are long and thus heavy. An in-line engine may be either...
piston engines, a wet sump is part of a lubrication system whereby the crankcase sump is used as an integral oil reservoir. An alternative system is the...
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variety of different factors. Some of the most common causes are: Defective crankcase ventilation system Oil/coolant contamination Neglecting oil changes Low...
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into the side of the main caps to provide additional lateral strength. Crankcase Crankshaft Bosch Automotive Handbook. Robert Bosch GmbH. 2004. p. 465...
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