Craiova Prison is a prison located in Craiova, Romania.
Defendants of the Grivița strike of 1933 trials in the Craiova Prison yard. Top row, from the left: Gheorghe Vasilichi, Dumitru Petrescu, Constantin Doncea, Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej. Bottom row, right: Chivu Stoica
The prison was originally located outside the city, but was later included within its boundaries. When it was built of stone and brick in 1894–1897, it was a modern, horseshoe-shaped structure on three levels. Each of these had 30 cells; initially, the number of inmates did not exceed 300, but the total swelled to over 850 following the 1907 peasants’ revolt. Until 1944, it housed both common criminal and political prisoners, especially members of the banned Romanian Communist Party. These included Gheorghe Vasilichi, Constantin Doncea, and Dumitru Popescu, who managed to escape.[1]
Following the establishment of a communist regime in 1947, the number of political prisoners grew constantly; at first, these were mainly National Peasants' Party affiliates. While conditions were relatively mild during the first wave of arrests in 1945–1947, when the communists had not yet fully consolidated power, they worsened sharply in the following years. Underfeeding led to endemic hunger and advanced anemia; this was exacerbated by those who cooked and served the food, common criminals who would take part of the political prisoners’ portions for themselves. Punishment for political detainees was harsher, and included an isolation cell. They were interrogated by teams of Securitate secret police agents inside the prison, as the basements in their building had become overcrowded with detainees. Some died following beatings by Securitate and Militia personnel, their general state of health already weakened by conditions behind bars.[1]
In the early 1950s, many peasants from the surrounding Oltenia region were sent to Craiova. They were accused of sabotaging collectivization or of abetting the anti-communist resistance movement. The prison served as a transit center before they were sent on to the Danube–Black Sea Canal or other labor camps. A relaxation followed the death of Joseph Stalin in 1953; this was reversed amidst the wave of arrests that occurred when the Hungarian Revolution of 1956 was crushed, so that the number of detainees grew from a capacity of 1,100 to some 1,800. Notable inmates include Aurelian Bentoiu [ro], Nicolae Penescu, Mihail Romniceanu [ro], Radu Câmpeanu, Corneliu Coposu, Ioan Mocsony-Stârcea [ro], Ioan Carlaonț, Ioan Hudiță, and Richard Wurmbrand, most of whom were transferred to other prisons in due time.[1]
Detainees during the 2000s included Konstantinos Passaris [ro], Omar Hayssam, and Miron Cozma.[2]
^ abcMuraru, pp. 276-81
^Mitrache, Andreea (July 7, 2011). "Penitenciarul Craiova, Alcatraz în inima Olteniei". Adevărul (in Romanian). Retrieved June 10, 2023.
CraiovaPrison is a prison located in Craiova, Romania. The prison was originally located outside the city, but was later included within its boundaries...
The 1936 Craiova Trial (Romanian: Procesul de la Craiova) was a political trial of some members of the Romanian Communist Party, part of the repression...
years of prison for his role in the Grivița Strike of 1933. He spent time at the Aiud, Doftana, Târgu Ocna, Văcărești, and Caransebeș prisons. In 1935–1936...
include Alexei Borodaty and M. V. Bulkat, the latter of whom died in Craiovaprison in 1924. In late 1921, Romanian troops captured a "Bodnarciuc gang"...
order to twelve years' imprisonment, which he served in prisons in Jilava, Văcărești, and Craiova. After Vasilichi managed to escape in January 1935 alongside...
his sentence was later commuted to life prison. Maici died at Aiud Prison five years later. Born in Craiova, he started Infantry Officer School in 1905...
subcultures]. Analele Universităţii Din Craiova, Seria Ştiinţe Filologice Linguistică Nr. 1-2. Universităţii din Craiova. Retrieved 3 June 2020. Poulter, James...
during the Second World War. Horia Ion Pompiliu Macellariu was born in Craiova on 10 May [O.S. 28 April] 1894. After undergoing military studies, he became...
the city of Craiova. The widely publicized trial ended with the conviction of Ana Pauker and other communist leaders to 20 years in prison, while the rest...
Kingdom authorities in its wake, he received a 15-year prison sentence. He broke out of Craiova penitentiary a few months later, together with Vasilichi...
city is Bucharest, followed by Cluj-Napoca, Iași, Timișoara, Constanța, Craiova, Brașov, and Galați. Europe's second-longest river, the Danube, rises in...
Austria (the Treaty of Passarowitz). The region, organized as the Banat of Craiova and subject to an enlightened absolutist rule that soon disenchanted local...
Saint-Germain Ligue 1: 2012–13 Beitar Jerusalem Toto Cup: 2019–20 Universitatea Craiova Supercupa României: 2021 France U19 UEFA European Under-19 Championship...
Service. Wurmbrand, who passed through the penal facilities of Pitești, Craiova, Gherla, the Danube–Black Sea Canal, Văcărești, Malmaison, Cluj and ultimately...
Oxford (1996–2002). Florin Oprea, 76, Romanian footballer (Universitatea Craiova). Mai Raud-Pähn, 103, Estonian-Swedish art historian, editor and journalist...
Steaua 31,254 CSA Steaua Stadionul Ion Oblemenco 30,929 Universitatea Craiova Cluj Arena 30,201 Universitatea Cluj Stadionul Dr. Constantin Radulescu...
Corneliu Baba (Romanian pronunciation: [korˈnelju ˈbaba] ; 18 November 1906, Craiova – 28 December 1997) was a Romanian painter, primarily a portraitist, but...
corresponding member of the Romanian Academy from 1916. He was born in Craiova, the son of a priest, Dimitrie Constantin Gerota (1841–?), and Maria Gerota...
school philosophy and geography teacher in Craiova and Bucharest, he directed the National Theater Craiova from 1926 to 1927. During his tenure, Dongorozi...
of actor Ștefan "Coco" Dumitrescu. When he was 3, his family moved to Craiova, where he did his secondary studies at the Carol I High School. Starting...
for the play prompted the National Theater Iași and the National Theater Craiova to begin their own stagings. A continuous string of authorized and unauthorized...
communist ideology were banned. Many of these communists belonged to the "prison wing" of the Romanian Communist Party, as opposed to the "Muscovite wing"...
Global Information