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6 Region C&C Gross and Per Capita
Contraction and Convergence (C&C) is a proposed global framework for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change. Conceived by the Global Commons Institute (GCI) in the early 1990s, the Contraction and Convergence strategy consists of reducing overall emissions of greenhouse gases to a safe level (contraction), resulting from every country bringing its emissions per capita to a level which is equal for all countries (convergence).
It is intended to form the basis of an international agreement which will reduce carbon dioxide emissions to avoid dangerous climate change, carbon dioxide being one of the most significant gases responsible for the greenhouse effect on Earth.[1]
It is expressed as a simple mathematical formula. This formula can be used as a way for the world to stabilize carbon levels at any level. Advocates of Contraction and Convergence stress that negotiations at the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are governed sequentially by the 'objective' of the UNFCCC (safe and stable GHG concentration in the global atmosphere) followed by its organising principles ('precaution' and 'equity'). C&C is widely cited and supported.[2] The C&C calculus is now embedded in Domain Two of GCI's Carbon Budget Accounting Tool.[3]
^Change, NASA Global Climate. "Carbon Dioxide Concentration | NASA Global Climate Change". Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
^"Contraction and Convergence Endorsements". Archived from the original on 2020-04-05. Retrieved 2014-12-24.
^"CBAT". Archived from the original on 2017-11-15. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
and 24 Related for: Contraction and Convergence information
ContractionandConvergence (C&C) is a proposed global framework for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change. Conceived by the Global...
University. "It seems to me that ContractionandConvergence is the basic principle that should guide climate policy, and that this policy is really unchallenged...
x_{n+1}=f(x_{n})} yields convergence to a fixed point x n → z ∈ Fix f {\displaystyle x_{n}\to z\in {\text{Fix}}f} . This convergence might be weak in an...
accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa)...
necessary conditions and generalizations to more abstract settings. The convergence of series is already covered in the article on convergence tests. It is common...
into a pipe, or a sudden contraction in pipe diameter. Streamlines will converge just downstream of the diameter change, and a region of separated flow...
in the 1940s and the 1950s of the significance of wind field convergence in tropical weather production, the term Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)...
conduct for the majority of criteria." Carbon emission trading ContractionandConvergence Murphy, Mathew (9 June 2008). "New international standards organisation...
be an unrealistic approach. Cap and Share is partly an extension and popularisation of the ContractionandConvergence proposal developed by the Global...
Aubrey Meyer and others to campaign for a fair way to tackle climate change. It has in particular promoted the model of ContractionandConvergence of CO2 emissions...
Proposals for a global climate regime include: ContractionandConvergence Greenhouse Development Rights Cap and Share Nishimura's proposal of a global upstream...
Aubrey Meyer calls for a 'framework-based market' of ContractionandConvergence. The Cap and Share and the Sky Trust are proposals based on the idea. In...
the muscle fiber necessary for muscle contraction. Muscles are predominantly powered by the oxidation of fats and carbohydrates, but anaerobic chemical...
(London) from 1993 to 2005 during which time GCI developed the "contractionandconvergence" approach to dealing with greenhouse gas emissions which has...
gradually reduced, following the theory of contractionandconvergence. It was co-sponsored by eleven senators and also received endorsements from the National...
hand closer to the shoulder. Flexion is typically instigated by muscle contraction of a flexor. of the humerus bone (the bone in the upper arm) at the shoulder...
footprint Clean Air Conservancy ContractionandConvergence Emissions Reduction Currency System International Carbon Reduction and Offset Alliance Personal carbon...
located in the abducens nucleus: motorneurons and interneurons. The former directly drive the contraction of the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle via...
Communication is spread across a medium through content convergence, such as a blog post accompanied by images and an embedded video. This idea of combining mediums...
hormones, the milk is moved to the nipple by the action of smooth muscle contractions along the ductal system to the tip of the nipple. They are also referred...
smooth muscle contraction. The β receptor couples to Gs and increases intracellular cAMP activity, resulting in e.g. heart muscle contraction, smooth muscle...
calyces. This causes them to fire impulses which stimulate rhythmical contractionand relaxation, called peristalsis. Parasympathetic innervation enhances...
Friendship Contraction" and "The Countdown Reflection". Stephen Hawking went on to appear in the season 6 episode "The Extract Obliteration" and the season...
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