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The Constitutio Antoniniana (contemporaneous Greek translation) in a display caseThe Roman empire around 211.
The Constitutio Antoniniana (Latin for "Constitution [or Edict] of Antoninus"), also called the Edict of Caracalla or the Antonine Constitution, was an edict issued in AD 212[1] by the Roman emperor Caracalla. It declared that all free men in the Roman Empire were to be given full Roman citizenship (and by extension all free women in the Empire were to be given the same rights as Roman women, such as the jus trium liberorum).
In the century before Caracalla, Roman citizenship had already lost much of its exclusiveness and become more available between the inhabitants throughout the different provinces of the Roman Empire and between nobles such as kings of client countries. Before the Edict, however; a significant number of provincials still were non-Roman citizens and held instead the Latin rights. Therefore, being a Roman citizen remained a well sought-after status till 212.[2] Veterans of the Auxilia were also granted Roman citizenship on discharge.
As a result, vast numbers of new citizens assumed the nomen Aurelius, in honour of their patron (whose full name was Marcus Aurelius Antoninus), including several emperors: seven of the eleven emperors between Gallienus and Diocletian (Claudius Gothicus, Quintillus, Probus, Carus, Carinus, Numerian and Maximian) bore the name Marcus Aurelius.[3][4]
^Richard Lim, "Late Antiquity," in The Edinburgh Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome (Edinburgh University Press, 2010), p. 114.
^Besson, Arnaud (2017-01-01). "Fifty Years before the Antonine Constitution: Access to Roman Citizenship and Exclusive Rights". Citizens in the Graeco-Roman World. Brill. pp. 199–220. doi:10.1163/9789004352612_010. ISBN 978-90-04-35261-2.
^Salway, p.136
^Blanco-Pérez, A. (2016). "Nomenclature and Dating in Roman Asia Minor: (M.) Aurelius/a and the 3rd Century AD." Zeitschrift Für Papyrologie Und Epigraphik, 199, 271–293. http://www.jstor.org/stable/26603724
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The ConstitutioAntoniniana (Latin for "Constitution [or Edict] of Antoninus"), also called the Edict of Caracalla or the Antonine Constitution, was an...
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might have been thought to reduce the threat.[citation needed] The ConstitutioAntoniniana of AD 212, with which Caracalla granted universal citizenship to...
bearer the greatest prestige. Following the promulgation of the ConstitutioAntoniniana in AD 212, granting Roman citizenship to all free men living within...
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of Roman legal authors. The Edict of Caracalla (officially the ConstitutioAntoniniana in Latin: "Constitution [or Edict] of Antoninus") was an edict...
a distinguishing element declined precipitously following the ConstitutioAntoniniana, which effectively granted the nomen "Aurelius" to vast numbers...
AD the emperor Caracalla granted, with his well-known decree (constitutioAntoniniana), the Roman citizenship to all the free inhabitants of the Roman...
of Red Cliffs occurs. 211–217: Caracalla, Roman Emperor. 212: ConstitutioAntoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men. 212–217: Baths of Caracalla...
Marcus Aurelius and the members of the Severan dynasty. In 212, the ConstitutioAntoniniana of Caracalla (whose full name was Marcus Aurelius Antoninus) granted...
Italia, Roman Empire 62 / 67 Roman citizen of Greek descent (ConstitutioAntoniniana). Martyred; feast day 14 October. — 217 – 235 (18 years, 0 days)...
Superior (AD 83). Roman citizenship was granted to all in 212 by the ConstitutioAntoniniana. Several significant Roman figures were born in Gaul, including...
Gallo-Roman culture. Citizenship was granted to all in 212 by the ConstitutioAntoniniana. From the third to 5th centuries, Gaul was exposed to raids by...
seminal development for the army in the early 3rd century was the ConstitutioAntoniniana (Antonine Decree) of 212, issued by Emperor Caracalla (r. 211–217)...
within the Roman world, were peregrini, non-Romans. In 212, the ConstitutioAntoniniana extended citizenship to all freeborn inhabitants of the empire...
auxilia. (see section 2.4 Irregular units, below). In 212, the constitutioAntoniniana (Antonine decree) of emperor Caracalla granted Roman citizenship...
authors list (link) Rocco, Marco (January 2010). "The reasons behind ConstitutioAntoniniana and its effects on the Roman military". Acta Classica Universitatis...
name, Marcus Aurelius, a name given to those made citizens by the constitutioAntoniniana, these men did not come from the imperial élite. The third inscription...
Sardinians too would be granted Roman citizenship in 212 AD with the ConstitutioAntoniniana by Caracalla. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, Sardinia...
and 60 million under the "universal citizenship" of Caracalla's ConstitutioAntoniniana (212 AD), probably further reduced whatever distinctive value the...
seminal development for the army in the early 3rd century was the ConstitutioAntoniniana (Antonine Decree) of 212, issued by Emperor Caracalla (r. 211–217 AD)...
leading to a general drop in interest in all ancient religions. The ConstitutioAntoniniana, i.e. the granting of Roman citizenship to all free subjects changed...
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