Comparison of the Hare and Droop quotas information
In elections that use the single transferable vote (STV) method, quotas are used (a) for the determination of candidates considered elected; and (b) for the calculation of surplus votes to be redistributed.[1] Two quotas in common use are the Hare quota and the Droop quota. The largest remainder method of party-list proportional representation can also use Hare quotas or Droop quotas.
Under most STV systems it is possible to be elected by less than quota (at the end when the field of candidates is thinned to the number of remaining open seats) if not every ballot ranks all candidates, but the quota used (whether Hare or Droop) is the amount that guarantees election. A particular type of STV uses a "uniform quota" where anyone who exceeds that quota is elected. New York City used such a system during its use of STV in city elections. Its set quota was 75,000 and each borough got a number of members that depended on the voter turnout in the borough. One problem with the system was that the size of the city council varied from election to election depending on the voter turnout. (1.7M votes were cast and generally 20 to 27 councillors were elected.)[2]
The quota sets the number of surplus votes held by elected candidates. For fairness it is important that the number of votes held by the early successful candidate after surplus votes are transferred away is not surpassed later by another candidate who is unable to take a seat as they are already filled. That is the reason why the quota needs to be set at a point high enough to prevent more candidates achieving it than the total number of seats.[3]
^Hill, I.D. (1987). "Algorithm 123 — Single Transferable Vote by Meek’s method".
^"Proportional Representation in New York City, 1936-1947".
^Harris, Practical Working of Proportional Representation (1930) https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015030803426&view=1up&seq=7
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wasted. TheDroopquota was first suggested by the English lawyer and mathematician Henry Richmond Droop (1831–1884) as an alternative to theHarequota. Today...
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generally uses theHare or Droopquota), and candidates who accumulate that many votes are declared elected. In many STV systems, thequota is also used...
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coalition for C {\displaystyle C} andthe number of Voters in V {\displaystyle V} is at least j {\displaystyle j} Harequotas, then at least j {\displaystyle...
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using margins is the fact that the result of a pairwise comparison is decided by the presence of more votes for one side than the other and thus that it follows...
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all. Those forms not affecting the candidates rating frequently make use ofquotas. Quotas demand a minimum proportion of voters rate that candidate in...
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