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Dutch East Indies[a]
Nederlandsch-Indië (Dutch)
1610–1800
Flag of the Dutch East India Company after 1630
Corporate logo
The territorial evolution of Dutch control in the Malay Archipelago from 1603 to 1800.
Status
Governorates of the Dutch East India Company
Capital
Amboina (1610–1619)
Batavia (1619–1800)
Common languages
Dutch, Malay, Javanese, Chinese, Indigenous languages
Government
Colonial government
Governor-general
• 1610–1614
Pieter Both
• 1796–1801[b]
Pieter Gerardus van Overstraten
Historical era
Early modern
• Established
1610
• Dissolution and nationalization
1800
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Portuguese colonization
Dutch East Indies
^Known as the "Dutch Indies" or "Dutch East Indies" in official VOC documents.[1] Also called the Netherlands East Indies, Netherlands Indies, or simply "The Indies".
^Although the VOC, along with its control over the East Indies, was dissolved in 1800, Overstraten maintained his position as governor-general in the new Dutch East Indies colony until his death in 1801.
Dutch East India Company rule in the East Indies
1610–1800
Batavia built in what is now Jakarta, 1682
Location
East Indies
Including
First Dutch Expedition to East Indies
Leader(s)
Pieter Both (1610–1614) Pieter Gerardus van Overstraten (1796–1801)
Chronology
Portuguese colonization
Dutch East Indies
Company rule in the Dutch East Indies began when the Dutch East India Company (Dutch: Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, "United East India Company"; VOC) appointed the first governor-general of the Dutch East Indies in 1610,[2] and ended in 1800 when the bankrupt company was dissolved and its possessions were nationalized as the Dutch East Indies. By then it exerted territorial control over much of the archipelago, most notably on Java.
In 1603, the first permanent Dutch trading post in Indonesia was established in Banten, northwest Java. The official East Indies government, however, was not created until Pieter Both was made governor-general in 1610. In that same year, Ambon Island was made headquarters of the VOC's East Indies. Batavia was made the capital from 1619 onward.[3]
Corruption, war, smuggling, and mismanagement resulted in the company's bankruptcy by the end of the 18th century. The company was formally dissolved in 1800 and its colonial possessions were nationalized by the Batavian Republic as the Dutch East Indies.[4]
^Dagh-register gehouden int Casteel Batavia vant passerende daer ter plaetse als over geheel Nederlandts-India anno 1624–1629 [The official register at Castle Batavia, of the census of the Dutch East Indies]. Vol. VOC. 1624.
^Kahin 1992, p. 125.
^Brown 2004, p. 28.
^Ricklefs 1991, p. 110.
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