For the Communist Party active in Iran during the 1980s, see Communist Party of Iran. For centre-right party founded in 1941, see Justice Party (Iran).
The Communist Party of Iran (Persian: حزب کمونیست ایران, romanized: Ḥezb-e komūnīst-e Iran) was an Iranian communist party. Originally established as the Justice Party (Persian: فرقه عدالت, romanized: Ferqa'ye ʿEdālat) in 1917[2] by the former social democrats who supported Baku-based Bolsheviks, it participated in Third International in 1919 and was renamed "Communist Party of Iran" in 1920.[2]
Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli, one of the leaders of the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, was elected as its general secretary. Its foundation came about as a result of the establishment of the Soviet Republic of Gilan, earlier that year, by Mirza Kouchak Khan and his Jangali ("Foresters' Movement") insurgents.
The party was banned in 1921 (coinciding with the defeat of the Soviet Republic of Gilan), though members continued activities underground until the foundation of the Tudeh Party in 1941, which thereafter became the official communist party in the country.
^Vahabzadeh, Peyman (2010). Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation In Iran, 1971–1979. Syracuse University Press. p. 182. ISBN 9780815651475.
^ abTachau, Frank (1994). "Justice Party I". Political parties of the Middle East and North Africa. Greenwood Press. p. 159. ISBN 9780313266492.
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