For the current membership of the College of Cardinals, see List of current cardinals.
Cardinals in red vestments during the funeral of Pope John Paul II
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The College of Cardinals, more formally called the Sacred College of Cardinals, is the body of all cardinals of the Catholic Church.[1] As of 19 April 2024,[update] there are 237 cardinals, of whom 127 are eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope. Cardinals are appointed by the pope for life. Changes in life expectancy partly account for historical increases in the size of the college.[2]
Since the emergence of the College of Cardinals in the Early Middle Ages, the size of the body has historically been limited by popes, ecumenical councils ratified by the pope, and even the college itself. The total number of cardinals from 1099 to 1986 has been about 2,900 (excluding possible undocumented 12th-century cardinals and pseudocardinals appointed during the Western Schism by pontiffs now considered to be antipopes, and subject to some other sources of uncertainty), nearly half of whom were created after 1655.[3]
^1983 CIC, Bk. II, Pt. II, Sec. I, Chap. III The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church Archived 3 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine
^Broderick, 1987, p. 13.
^Broderick, 1987, p. 11.
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