Collar rot is a symptomatically described disease that is usually caused by any one of various fungal and oomycete plant pathogens. It is present where the pathogen causes a lesion localized at or about the collet between the stem and the root. The lesions develop around the stem eventually forming a "collar". Observationally, collar rot grades into "basal stem rot", and with some pathogens is the first phase of "basal stem rot" often followed by "root rot". Collar rot is most often observed in seedings grown in infected soil. The pathogens that cause collar rot may be species or genera specific. But generalist pathogens such as Agroathelia rolfsii (aka Sclerotium rolfsii or Athelia rolfsii) are known to attack over 200 different species.[1] While bacteria caused collar rot is not common, trees infected with Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) may develop collar rot.[2] Non-parasitic collar rot may be caused by winter damage.[3]
Calonectria collar rot of papaya
The symptomatically described disease Southern blight is often the first observed precursor of the collar rot caused by the fungus Agroathelia rolfsii. Causally known as Sclerotial blight,[4]Agroathelia rolfsii survives in the soil as sclerotia, and in infected decomposing plant material as mycelia.[5]
Collar rot that is caused by the oomycete Phytophthora is causally called Phytophthora collar rot, and is a common disease of fruit and nut trees,[5][6] as well as other flowers[7] and crops.[8][9]Phytophthora species remain in the soil, as spores, and in infected plant tissue, as mycelia, so absent control measures (sterilization, toxic applications) the disease continues so long as susceptible plants are grown in that soil.[5][10]
^Ahmad, Yasmin; Mirza, M. Siddique; Aslan, M. (1988). "Collar Rot of Maize caused by Sclerotium rolfsii in Pakistan" (PDF). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research. 9 (4): 604–605. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 November 2014.
^Horst, R. Kenneth, ed. (2008). Westcott's Plant Disease Handbook (seventh ed.). Dordrecht: Springer Verlag. p. 105. ISBN 978-1-4020-5193-7.
^Horst 2008, p. 720
^Ames, Teresa. "Sweetpotato Diagnotes: Sclerotial blight". Centre for Biological Information Technology (CBIT), The University of Queensland.
^ abcHartman, John; Beale, Julie; Bachi, Paul. "Plant Pathology Fact Sheet: Root and Collar Rots of Tree Fruits" (PDF). College of Agriculture, University of Kentucky. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
^Thomson, Sherman V.; Scott, C. Ockey (1998). "Utah Pests Fact Sheet: Phytophthora Crown and Collar Rot". Utah Plant Disease Control No. 6. Utah State University Extension and Utah Plant Pest Diagnostic Lab (UPPDL). Archived from the original on 19 March 2012. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
^Horst 2008, p. 511
^Erwin, D. C.; Bartnicki-Garcia, S.; Tsao, P. H. (1983). Phytophthora, its Biology, Taxonomy and Pathology. St. Paul, Minnesota: The American Phytopathological Society. ISBN 978-0-89054-050-3.
^Gulya, Thomas J.; et al. (2012). "Sunflower Diseases Remain Rare in California Seed Production Fields Compared to North Dakota". Plant Management Network. Archived from the original on 21 November 2014.
^Agrios, George N. (1988). "Phytophthora Foot, Crown, Collar, Stem, or Trunk Rots". Plant Pathology (third ed.). Burlington: Elsevier. pp. 301–306. ISBN 978-0-323-13969-4.
Collarrot is a symptomatically described disease that is usually caused by any one of various fungal and oomycete plant pathogens. It is present where...
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important Phytophthora diseases are: Phytophthora agathidicida—causes collar-rot on New Zealand kauri (Agathis australis), New Zealand's most voluminous...
depending on scion variety. Trees are strong, crop well, and do not have collarrot problems. M.7: Produces a semidwarf tree of Class 6 that is freestanding...
centre leader. This rootstock is moderately susceptible to blight and collarrot. The fruit size that M7 produces is good but not as large as an M26, or...
Kavasji Framaji Kheswalla in 1941. It is a plant pathogen that causes collarrot, foot rot, wilt and blight of chickpea. Punithalingam, E. (December 1990)....
Basal girdling and death of seedlings may occur, a symptom known as collarrot. In fruit, A. solani invades at the point of attachment to the stem as...
further infection. Collarrot disease is caused by the fungus Fusarium solani. It is characterized by necrotic lesions at the collar region, browning of...
including fungal diseases, insects and rodents - some of which (e.g. frosty pod rot and cocoa pod borer) have increased dramatically in geographical range and...
boxwood, causing root rot, dieback and death of infected plants. Symptoms include wilting, decreased fruit size and yield, collarrot, gum exudation, necrosis...
Phytophthora alni is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes lethal root and collarrot in alders. It is widespread across Europe and has recently been found...
stilboides is a nectriacine fungus. It is a plant pathogen, and causes collarrot in coffee seedings. Baker, Celia J. (1970). "Coffee bark disease in Kenya"...
oomycete Phytophthora agathidicida. Symptoms can include root rot and associated rot in a collar around the base of the tree, bleeding resin, yellowing and...
forest on the mainland. The disease, known as kauri dieback or kauri collarrot, is believed to be over 300 years old and causes yellowing leaves, thinning...
50° north and south". The diseases symptoms include: damping off and collarrot of seedlings, stem canker, root disease, and, most commonly, shoot blight...
semi-papillate homothallic soil-borne plant pathogen causing root and collarrot of broadleaf tree species in Europe. It is associated with necrotic fine...
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