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Semantics
Linguistic
Logical
Subfields
Computational
Lexical (lexis, lexicology)
Statistical
Structural
Topics
Analysis
Compositionality
Context (language use)
Prototype theory
Force dynamics
Semantic feature
Semantic gap
Theory of descriptions
Analysis
Latent
Computational
Machine-learning
Applications
Semantic file system
Semantic desktop
Semantic matching
Semantic parsing
Semantic similarity
Semantic query
Semantic Web
Semantic wiki
Semantics of programming languages
Types
Action
Algebraic
Axiomatic
Categorical
Concurrency
Denotational
Game
Operational
Predicate transformational
Theory
Abstract interpretation
Abstract semantic graph
Language
Linguistics
v
t
e
Cognitive semantics is part of the cognitive linguistics movement. Semantics is the study of linguistic meaning. Cognitive semantics holds that language is part of a more general human cognitive ability, and can therefore only describe the world as people conceive of it.[1] It is implicit that different linguistic communities conceive of simple things and processes in the world differently (different cultures), not necessarily some difference between a person's conceptual world and the real world (wrong beliefs).
The main tenets of cognitive semantics are:
That grammar manifests a conception of the world held in a culture;
That knowledge of language is acquired and contextual;
That the ability to use language draws upon general cognitive resources and not a special language module.[1]
Cognitive semantics has introduced innovations like prototype theory, conceptual metaphors, and frame semantics, and it is the linguistic paradigm/framework that since the 1980s has generated the most studies in lexical semantics.[2] As part of the field of cognitive linguistics, the cognitive semantics approach rejects the traditional separation of linguistics into phonology, morphology, syntax, pragmatics, etc. Instead, it divides semantics into meaning-construction and knowledge representation. Therefore, cognitive semantics studies much of the area traditionally devoted to pragmatics as well as semantics.
The techniques native to cognitive semantics are typically used in lexical studies such as those put forth by Leonard Talmy, George Lakoff and Dirk Geeraerts. Some cognitive semantic frameworks, such as that developed by Talmy, take into account syntactic structures as well.
^ abCroft, William and D. Alan Cruse (2004). Cognitive Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 1, 105, 7–15, 33–39. ISBN 9780521667708.
^Geeraerts, Dirk (2010) Introduction, p. xiv, in Theories of Lexical Semantics
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