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Coalition of the Gulf War information


Coalition of the Gulf War
1990–1991
Flag of Coalition of the Gulf War
Flag of the United Nations
  Coalition countries
  Iraq and Iraqi-occupied Kuwait and Khafji
TypeMilitary coalition
MembershipPrimary countries:
  • Coalition of the Gulf War United States
  • Coalition of the Gulf War United Kingdom
  • Coalition of the Gulf War France
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Saudi Arabia
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Egypt
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Kuwait (in exile)

Other contributors:
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Argentina
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Australia
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Bahrain
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Bangladesh
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Belgium
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Canada
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Czechoslovakia
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Denmark
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Germany
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Greece
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Honduras
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Hungary
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Italy
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Japan
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Luxembourg
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Morocco
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Netherlands
  • Coalition of the Gulf War New Zealand
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Niger
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Norway
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Oman
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Pakistan
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Philippines
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Poland
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Portugal
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Qatar
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Romania
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Senegal
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Sierra Leone
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Singapore
  • Coalition of the Gulf War South Korea
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Spain
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Sweden
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Syria
  • Coalition of the Gulf War Turkey
  • Coalition of the Gulf War United Arab Emirates
Historical eraGulf War
• Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
2–4 August 1990
• Adoption of UNSC Resolution 678
29 November 1990
• Adoption of U.S. Congress Resolution Against Iraq
14 January 1991
• Beginning of Gulf War air campaign
17 January 1991
• Beginning of Liberation of Kuwait campaign
24 February 1991
• Adoption of UNSC Resolution 686
2 March 1991

On 29 November 1990, the adoption of United Nations Security Council Resolution 678 authorized the assembly of a multinational military coalition to fight against Iraq in the Gulf War. The coalition's purpose was to liberate Iraqi-occupied Kuwait by "all necessary means" if Iraq did not withdraw by 15 January 1991. Iraq failed to relinquish control over Kuwait by the deadline specified in Resolution 678, leading to the commencement of combat operations with the Gulf War aerial bombardment campaign on 17 January 1991. At this time, the coalition consisted of 42 countries and was spearheaded by the United States: the central command was led by the United States, Saudi Arabia, and the United Kingdom; the marine command was led by the United States; the Joint Forces East Command was led by Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Morocco, Kuwait, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Poland, and Czechoslovakia; and the Joint Forces North Command was led by the United States, the United Kingdom, France, Canada, Italy, Australia, Japan, and Turkey. On 23 February 1991, the aerial bombardment campaign came to an end as the coalition began a large-scale ground offensive (the Liberation of Kuwait campaign) into Iraqi-occupied Kuwait and parts of Iraq. The Iraqi military was devastated in the fighting, and Kuwait was declared completely free of occupying Iraqi troops on 28 February 1991.

Multinational group (Qatari F1 Mirage & Alpha Jet, French F1 Mirage, U.S. F-16, and Canadian CF-18 Air Forces) of fighter jets during Operation Desert Shield

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