Clock skew (sometimes called timing skew) is a phenomenon in synchronous digital circuit systems (such as computer systems) in which the same sourced clock signal arrives at different components at different times due to gate or, in more advanced semiconductor technology, wire signal propagation delay. The instantaneous difference between the readings of any two clocks is called their skew.
The operation of most digital circuits is synchronized by a periodic signal known as a "clock" that dictates the sequence and pacing of the devices on the circuit. This clock is distributed from a single source to all the memory elements of the circuit, which for example could be registers or flip-flops. In a circuit using edge-triggered registers, when the clock edge or tick arrives at a register, the register transfers the register input to the register output, and these new output values flow through combinational logic to provide the values at register inputs for the next clock tick.
Ideally, the input to each memory element reaches its final value in time for the next clock tick so that the behavior of the whole circuit can be predicted exactly. The maximum speed at which a system can run must account for the variance that occurs between the various elements of a circuit due to differences in physical composition, temperature, and path length.
In a synchronous circuit, two registers, or flip-flops, are said to be "sequentially adjacent" if a logic path connects them. Given two sequentially adjacent registers Ri and Rj with clock arrival times at the source and destination register clock pins equal to TCi and TCj respectively, clock skew can be defined as: Tskew i, j = TCi − TCj.
Clockskew (sometimes called timing skew) is a phenomenon in synchronous digital circuit systems (such as computer systems) in which the same sourced clock...
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system to meet limits set on execution time, message delivery, clock drift rate, or clockskew. Asynchronous distributed systems cannot be said to have timing...
the clock distribution network helps ensure that critical timing requirements are satisfied and that no race conditions exist (see also clockskew). The...
produced by Xilinx). A digital clock manager is useful for manipulating clock signals inside the FPGA, and to avoid clockskew which would introduce errors...
serializer and deserializer, or SerDes) and to outstrip its disadvantages (clockskew, interconnect density). The migration from PCI to PCI Express is an example...
misalignment, or clockskew. A phase-locked loop on the receiving side needs a high enough bandwidth to correctly track a spread-spectrum clock. Even though...
difficulties managing time at smaller scales, there are problems associated with clockskew that take on more complexity in distributed computing in which several...
files include the drift file, which ntpd uses to correct for hardware-clockskew in the absence of a connection to a more accurate upstream time-server...
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position of the registers, clockskew scheduling moves their temporal position by scheduling the arrival time of the clock signals. The lower bound of...
to reproduce consistency issues because nodes with high variations in clockskew can be removed from clusters, applications can rely on external consistency...
to clock network implementation that produces lower power clock networks with lower clockskew and shorter insertion delay using a smaller area of the integrated...
doubling the number of bits sent at once doubles the data rate. In practice, clockskew reduces the speed of every link to the slowest of all of the links. Cable...
the current date, it is invalid. (The two-day window compensates for clockskew and network routing time between different systems.) The recipient's computer...
delays, timing skew, etc., the size of a clock domain in such a synchronous system is inversely proportional to the frequency of the clock. In early computers...
It is critically important that computer clocks are synchronized across the forest because excessive clockskew causes Kerberos authentication to fail....
hours or days prior to the moment the certificate was issued, to avoid clockskew problems. Not After: The time and date past which the certificate is no...
California, San Diego showed how TCP timestamps could be used to estimate the clockskew of a device, and consequently to remotely obtain a hardware fingerprint...
capability. The primary reason for the shift to serial interfaces is the clockskew issue of high speed parallel interfaces, which makes the faster variants...
signals sent over clock distribution network often end up at different times at different parts. This problem is widely known as "clockskew".: xiv The maximum...
(SERDES) links called "lanes." Such serial links eliminate parallel bus clockskew and reduce the number of traces and resultant coupling effects but these...
does not require terminator packs like parallel SCSI. SAS eliminates clockskew. SAS allows up to 65,535 devices through the use of expanders, while Parallel...