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Clock generator information


A desktop PC clock generator, based on the chip ICS 952018AF and 14.3 MHz resonator (on the left)
A laptop PC clock generator, based on the Silego chip

A clock generator is an electronic oscillator that produces a clock signal for use in synchronizing a circuit's operation. The signal can range from a simple symmetrical square wave to more complex arrangements. The basic parts that all clock generators share are a resonant circuit and an amplifier.

The resonant circuit is usually a quartz piezo-electric oscillator, although simpler tank circuits and even RC circuits may be used.

The amplifier circuit usually inverts the signal from the oscillator and feeds a portion back into the oscillator to maintain oscillation.

The generator may have additional sections to modify the basic signal. The 8088 for example, used a 2/3 duty cycle clock, which required the clock generator to incorporate logic to convert the 50/50 duty cycle which is typical of raw oscillators.

Other such optional sections include frequency divider or clock multiplier sections. Programmable clock generators allow the number used in the divider or multiplier to be changed, allowing any of a wide variety of output frequencies to be selected without modifying the hardware.

The clock generator in a motherboard is often changed by computer enthusiasts to control the speed of a CPU, FSB, GPU or RAM. Typically the programmable clock generator is set by the BIOS at boot time to the selected value; although some systems have dynamic frequency scaling, which frequently re-programs the clock generator.

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Clock generator

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A clock generator is an electronic oscillator that produces a clock signal for use in synchronizing a circuit's operation. The signal can range from a...

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Clock signal

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preventing race conditions. A clock signal is produced by an electronic oscillator called a clock generator. The most common clock signal is in the form of...

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Clock rate

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In computing, the clock rate or clock speed typically refers to the frequency at which the clock generator of a processor can generate pulses, which are...

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Clock drift

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be utilized to build random number generators. These can however be exploited by timing attacks. Everyday clocks such as wristwatches have finite precision...

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Microelectromechanical system oscillator

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microelectromechanical structures that define stable frequencies. MEMS clock generators are MEMS timing devices with multiple outputs for systems that need...

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Philips circle pattern

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of generator used to produce it, as well as how the broadcaster has chosen to configure it. Some television stations have included a digital clock and/or...

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Piezoelectricity

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piezoelectric inkjet printing, generation of high voltage electricity, as a clock generator in electronic devices, in microbalances, to drive an ultrasonic nozzle...

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S3 Trio

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were now included in the same ASIC: the graphics core, RAMDAC and clock generator. The increased integration allowed a graphics card to be simpler than...

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Zilog Z180

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integrated peripheral functions like clock generator, 16-bit counters/timers, interrupt controller, wait-state generators, serial ports and a DMA controller...

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Philips 68070

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registers allowing the implementation of a pulse generator, event counter or reference timer Clock generator Differences from the Motorola 68000 core include...

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Sequential logic

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sequential logic today is clocked or synchronous logic. In a synchronous circuit, an electronic oscillator called a clock (or clock generator) generates a sequence...

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Intel 8080

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amongst other functions: 8214 - Priority Interrupt Control Unit 8224 – Clock generator 8228/8238 – System controller and bus driver 8251 – Communication controller...

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Timer

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devices, they exist only as software. They rely on the accuracy of a clock generator usually built into a hardware device that runs the software. Due to...

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Clock

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A clock or chronometer is a device that measures and displays time. The clock is one of the oldest human inventions, meeting the need to measure intervals...

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Intel 80186

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circuits required. It included features such as clock generator, interrupt controller, timers, wait state generator, DMA channels, and external chip select lines...

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Freescale 683XX

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providing chip selects and address decoding. The SIM also provides a clock generator, watchdogs for various system operations, configuration of processor...

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System Management Bus

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master hosts, temperature sensor, fan or voltage sensors, lid switches, clock generator, and RGB lighting. PCI add-in cards may connect to an SMBus segment...

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Motherboard

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motherboards) containing the system's firmware or BIOS The clock generator which produces the system clock signal to synchronize the various components Slots...

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Motorola 6800

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MC6870 two-phase clock IC, and the Memory Products group provided a full line of ROMs and RAMs. The CMOS group's MC14411 Bit Rate Generator provided a 75...

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Random number generation

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number generation is a process by which, often by means of a random number generator (RNG), a sequence of numbers or symbols that cannot be reasonably predicted...

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Intel 8284

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first quarter of 1986. The 8284 contains a clock generator capable of a third the frequency of the input clock (5 or 8MHz with the 8284A, and 10MHz with...

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MOS Technology

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(PAL) 8568 – VDC with composite HSYNC, VSYNC, and RDY interrupt 8701 – clock generator 8721 – PLA 8722 – MMU Memory Management Unit 8726 – REC RAM Expansion...

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K1810VM86

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was developed between 1982 and 1985. The original K1810VM86 supported a clock frequency of up to 5 MHz while up to 8 MHz were allowed for the later K1810VM86M...

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