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Research suggests a complex relationship between climate change and crime. As global temperatures rise, some studies indicate an increase in crime rates, especially violent crimes.[1] However, the evidence is mixed, with some studies finding only weak or inconsistent correlations. Factors such as temperature volatility,[2] seasonal variations,[3] and geographical context[1] play a role in influencing crime rates.
Climate change involves long-term alterations in weather patterns, primarily due to human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. It leads to global warming, erratic weather, and an increase in extreme weather events. Crime involves illegal activities that breach laws, typically divided into property crimes (e.g., theft and burglary) and violent crimes (e.g., assault and murder). Additionally, environmental crimes, such as illegal waste dumping and unauthorized emissions, can contribute to climate change, creating additional factors that may influence crime patterns.[4]
^ abLynch, Michael J.; Stretesky, Paul B.; Long, Michael A.; Barrett, Kimberly L. (2020-11-05). "The Climate Change-Temperature-Crime Hypothesis: Evidence from a Sample of 15 Large US Cities, 2002 to 2015". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 66 (4): 430–450. doi:10.1177/0306624x20969934. ISSN 0306-624X. PMID 33153330.
^Cruz, Erik; D’Alessio, Stewart J.; Stolzenberg, Lisa (2020-06-01). "The Effect of Maximum Daily Temperature on Outdoor Violence". Crime & Delinquency. 69 (6–7): 1161–1182. doi:10.1177/0011128720926119. ISSN 0011-1287.
^Linning, Shannon J.; Andresen, Martin A.; Brantingham, Paul J. (2016-03-17). "Crime Seasonality: Examining the Temporal Fluctuations of Property Crime in Cities With Varying Climates". International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology. 61 (16): 1866–1891. doi:10.1177/0306624x16632259. ISSN 0306-624X. PMID 26987973.
^Pellegrino, Nicolette (2018-12-11). "A Gap in Causation? Punishing Polluters for Contributing to Climate Change & Increasing Violent Crime". Pace Environmental Law Review. 35 (2): 375. doi:10.58948/0738-6206.1819. ISSN 0738-6206.
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