Classification of the Japonic languages information
Problem of relating Japanese and the Ryukyuan languages to other languages
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The classification of the Japonic languages and their external relations is unclear. Linguists traditionally consider the Japonic languages to belong to an independent family; indeed, until the classification of Ryukyuan and eventually Hachijō as separate languages within a Japonic family rather than as dialects of Japanese, Japanese was considered a language isolate.
Among more distant connections, the possibility of a genetic relationship to languages like Austronesian and or Kra–Dai, are discussed. A relation between Japonic and Koreanic is also considered plausible by some linguists, while others reject this idea.[1][2] Independent of the question of a Japonic–Koreanic connection, both the Japonic and Koreanic languages are sometimes included in the now largely discredited Altaic family.[3][4][5][6]
^Francis-Ratte, Alexander Takenobu (2016). Proto-Korean-Japanese: A New Reconstruction of the Common Origin of the Japanese and Korean Languages (Thesis). The Ohio State University. Archived from the original on 2018-08-30. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
^Vovin, Alexander (2013). "From Koguryo to Tamna: Slowly riding to the South with speakers of Proto-Korean". Korean Linguistics. 15 (2): 222–240. doi:10.1075/kl.15.2.03vov.
^"While 'Altaic' is repeated in encyclopedias and handbooks most specialists in these languages no longer believe that the three traditional supposed Altaic groups, Turkic, Mongolian and Tungusic, are related." Lyle Campbell & Mauricio J. Mixco, A Glossary of Historical Linguistics (2007, University of Utah Press), pg. 7.
^"When cognates proved not to be valid, Altaic was abandoned, and the received view now is that Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic are unrelated." Johanna Nichols, Linguistic Diversity in Space and Time (1992, Chicago), pg. 4.
^"Careful examination indicates that the established families, Turkic, Mongolian, and Tungusic, form a linguistic area (called Altaic)...Sufficient criteria have not been given that would justify talking of a genetic relationship here." R.M.W. Dixon, The Rise and Fall of Languages (1997, Cambridge), pg. 32.
^"...[T]his selection of features does not provide good evidence for common descent....we can observe convergence rather than divergence between Turkic and Mongolic languages--a pattern than is easily explainable by borrowing and diffusion rather than common descent," Asya Pereltsvaig, Languages of the World, An Introduction (2012, Cambridge). This source has a good discussion of the Altaic hypothesis on pp. 211-216.
and 26 Related for: Classification of the Japonic languages information
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Austroasiatic, Austronesian, Japonic, Dravidian, Indo-European, Afroasiatic, Turkic, Sino-Tibetan, Kra–Dai and Koreanic. Many languagesof Asia, such as Chinese...
various classification schemes for Southeast Asian languages (see the articles for the respective language families). The five established major language families...
The geographically proximate languagesof Japanese (part oftheJaponiclanguages) and Korean (part ofthe Koreanic languages) share considerable similarity...
assume a borrowed term.[verification needed] (See ClassificationoftheJaponiclanguages or Comparison of Japanese and Korean for further details on a possible...
includes all other Turkic languages. Turkic languages show many similarities with the Mongolic, Tungusic, Koreanic, and Japoniclanguages. These similarities...
placenames. Some of these languages are believed to have been Koreanic, but there is also evidence suggesting that Japoniclanguages were spoken in central...
Along with Japanese, these languages are part oftheJaponiclanguage family, but they are separate languages,[citation needed] and are not mutually intelligible...
Hachijō language, they make up theJaponiclanguage family. Although Japanese is spoken in the Ryukyu Islands, the Ryukyu and Japanese languages are not...
twenty—until theclassificationof Ryukyuan as separate languages within a Japoniclanguage family rather than dialects of Japanese, the Japanese language itself...
Lohitic Munda Tamulic (Dravidian) He left Japonic, Koreanic, Koryak, Itelmen and various languagesofthe Caucasus unclassified, but suggested that they...
influences from various Japonic dialects/languages during different stages, suggesting early and intensive contact between them somewhere in the Tōhoku region,...
The Amami languages are a collection of dialect clusters spoken across the Amami Islands of Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. All dialects are members of the...
comprising Japoniclanguages, Korean, Tungusic languages and Turkic languages, but this view has been severely criticized. Contemporary Mongolic languages are...
where it is the national language, and within the Japanese diaspora worldwide. TheJaponic family also includes the Ryukyuan languages and the variously...
Japanese constitutes a branch ofthe Japanese subgroup oftheJaponiclanguages (Insular Japonic), with the other varieties of Old Japanese, which all descend...
version of Austro-Tai was hypothesized by Benedict who added theJaponiclanguages to the proposal as well. A link with the Austroasiatic languages in an...
Austronesian languages Distribution of Koreanic languages Distribution ofJaponiclanguages Distribution of Ainu languages Distribution of Nivkh languages Distribution...
all. The Ryukyuan languagesof Okinawa Prefecture and the southern islands of Kagoshima Prefecture form a separate branch oftheJaponic family, and are...
the standard to be seen as different languages. Examples include Japanese and Georgian: Japanese is now part oftheJaponiclanguage family with the Ryukyuan...
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