Form of nationalism espousing freedom, tolerance, equality and individual rights
Not to be confused with Constitutional patriotism or national liberalism.
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Civic nationalism, otherwise known as democratic nationalism, is a form of nationalism that adheres to traditional liberal values of freedom, tolerance, equality, and individual rights, and is not based on ethnocentrism.[1][2] Civic nationalists often defend the value of national identity by saying that individuals need it as a partial shared aspect of their identity (an upper identity) in order to lead meaningful, autonomous lives[3] and that democratic polities need a national identity to function properly.[4]Liberal nationalism is used in the same sense as 'civic nationalism', but liberal ethnic nationalism also exists,[5][6] and "state nationalism" is a branch of civic nationalism, but it can also be illiberal.
Civic nationhood is a political identity built around shared citizenship within the state. Thus, a "civic nation" defines itself not by culture but by political institutions and liberal principles, which its citizens pledge to uphold. Membership in the civic nation is open to every person by citizenship, regardless of culture or ethnicity; those who share these values are considered members of the nation.[7]
In theory, a civic nation or state does not aim to promote one culture over another.[7] German philosopher Jürgen Habermas has argued that immigrants to a liberal-democratic state need not assimilate into the host culture but only accept the principles of the country's constitution (constitutional patriotism).[7]
Civic nationalism is frequently contrasted with ethnic nationalism. According to the American professor Donald Ipperciel, civic nationalism historically was a determining factor in the development of modern constitutional and democratic forms of government, whereas ethnic nationalism has been more associated with authoritarian rule and even dictatorship.[8] Indeed, the 20th-century revival of civic nationalism played a key role in the ideological war against racism.[9] However, as Umut Özkirimli states, "civic" nations can be as intolerant and cruel as the so-called "ethnic" nations, citing French Jacobin techniques of persecution that were utilized by 20th-century fascists.[10] Some argue civic nationalism inevitably involves an underlying ethnic concept of national belonging because abstract values cannot be related to a specific place.[11]
^Auer, Stefan (2004). Liberal Nationalism in Central Europe. Routledge. p. 5. ISBN 1134378602. Retrieved 13 May 2017.
^Tamir, Yael. 1993. Liberal Nationalism. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-07893-9[page needed]; Will Kymlicka. 1995. Multicultural Citizenship. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-827949-3[page needed]; David Miller. 1995. On Nationality. Archived 1 June 2000 at the Wayback Machine Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-828047-5.
^Kymlicka, Will. 1995. Multicultural Citizenship. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-827949-3. For criticism, see: Patten, Alan. 1999. "The Autonomy Argument for Liberal Nationalism." Nations and Nationalism. 5(1): 1-17.
^Miller, David. 1995. On Nationality. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-828047-5. For criticism, see: Abizadeh, Arash. 2002. "Does Liberal Democracy Presuppose a Cultural Nation? Four Arguments." American Political Science Review 96 (3): 495-509; Abizadeh, Arash. 2004. "Liberal Nationalist versus Postnational Social Integration." Nations and Nationalism 10(3): 231-250.
^Glenn Drover; Graham Johnson; Julia Lai Po-Wah Tao (2001). Regionalism and Subregionalism in East Asia: The Dynamics of China. Nova Science. p. 101.
^Mark Hewitson; Timothy Baycroft (2001). What Is a Nation?; Europe 1789-1914. OUP Oxford. p. 180.
^ abcANNA STILZ. "Civic Nationalism and Language Policy". Philosophy & Public Affairs. 37 (3): 257.
^Ipperciel, Donald (2007). "Constitutional democracy and civic nationalism". Nations and Nationalism. 13 (3). Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism: 395–416. doi:10.1111/j.1469-8129.2007.00293.x. ISSN 1469-8129.
^Nancy Foner; Patric Simon (2015). Fear, Anxiety, and National Identity Immigration and Belonging in North America and Western Europe. Russell Sage Foundation. p. 38. ISBN 9781610448536.
^Özkirimli, Umut (2005). Contemporary Debates on Nationalism: A Critical Introduction (1st ed.). London: Red Globe Press. pp. 27–28. ISBN 9780333947739.
^Etherington, John (2007). "Nationalism, Exclusion and Violence: A Territorial Approach". Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism. 7 (3): 24–44. doi:10.1111/j.1754-9469.2007.tb00160.x. Retrieved 20 February 2024. p.31
Civicnationalism, otherwise known as democratic nationalism, is a form of nationalism that adheres to traditional liberal values of freedom, tolerance...
oft-dichotomized ethnic and civicnationalism are blurred. Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethnonationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the nation and...
different types of nationalism. The two main divergent forms identified by scholars are ethnic nationalism and civicnationalism. Beginning in the late...
or pan-Slavism. In scholarly literature, ethnic nationalism is usually contrasted with civicnationalism, although this distinction has also been criticized...
American nationalism is a form of civic, ethnic, cultural or economic influences found in the United States. Essentially, it indicates the aspects that...
Slovak nation state. This nationalism occurs both in moderate and radical forms. The other major strand is civicnationalism, which emphasizes more of...
Indonesian nationalism does not consist of advocacy for a single ethnic group, and at times has manifested as civicnationalism, religious nationalism, and...
thesis. Sometimes, this type of nationalism associated with pan-Ethiopian nationalism which is a form of civicnationalism. Some see it as a symbol of patriotism...
force in British politics". In its moderate form, British nationalism has been a civicnationalism, emphasizing both cohesion and diversity of the people...
of nationalism in South Korea, tends to be romantic in nature (specifically ethnic or "racial"), rather than civic. This form of romantic nationalism often...
encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civicnationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.[page needed] An excess of patriotism is...
Ethiopian nationalism is a type of civicnationalism in that it is multi-ethnic in nature, and promotes multiculturalism. Opponents of Ethiopian nationalism, on...
Several scholars of nationalism support the existence of nationalism in the Middle Ages (mainly in Europe). This school of thought differs from modernism...
'nation identity' or values state authority. 'State nationalism' is considered a form of 'civicnationalism' and there are similarities between the two, but...
Egyptian nationalism is based on Egyptians and Egyptian culture. Egyptian nationalism has typically been a civicnationalism that has emphasized the unity...
within its culture. It can be applied to ethnic nationalism as well as civicnationalism. Romantic nationalism arose in reaction to dynastic or imperial hegemony...
positions that all citizens are bound by. Madani–Iqbal debate Civicnationalism Indian nationalism Indian reunification Bahadur, Kalim (1998). Democracy in...
French nationalism (French: Nationalisme en France) usually manifests as civic or cultural nationalism, promoting the cultural unity of France. French...
constructed around ethnicity (see ethnic nationalism) while others are bound by political constitutions (see civicnationalism and multiculturalism). A nation...
lives in peace and harmony; they are Swiss, and we are Russians”. As a civic nationalist, Svetov is a supporter of building a Russian civil nation and...
Civic center, a community focal point CivicnationalismCivic Theatre (disambiguation), a name given to a number of theatres around the world Civic virtue...
Integral nationalism (French: nationalisme intégral) is a type of nationalism that originated in 19th-century France, was theorized by Charles Maurras...
Revolution of the 18th century. French revolutionary nationalism was a form of civicnationalism, seeking to impose a common national identity on the...
Ukrainian nationalism (Ukrainian: Український націоналізм, romanized: Ukrainskyi natsionalizm) is the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people...
Pan-Celticism, Pan-Germanism, Pan-Iranism, Pan-Slavism, Pan-Turkism), or civicnationalism (e.g. Pan-Africanism). Panethnicity has allowed Asian Americans to...
States. Since the 1960s, most proponents of Canadian nationalism have advocated a civicnationalism due to Canada's cultural diversity that specifically...