In particle physics, chiral symmetry breaking generally refers to the dynamical spontaneous breaking of a chiral symmetry associated with massless fermions. This is usually associated with a gauge theory such as quantum chromodynamics, the quantum field theory of the strong interaction, and it also occurs through the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism in the electroweak interactions of the standard model. This phenomenon is analogous to magnetization and superconductivity in condensed matter physics. The basic idea was introduced to particle physics by Yoichiro Nambu, in particular, in the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model, which is a solvable theory of composite bosons that exhibits dynamical spontaneous chiral symmetry when a 4-fermion coupling constant becomes sufficiently large.[1] Nambu was awarded the 2008 Nobel prize in physics "for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous broken symmetry in subatomic physics".
^Y. Nambu and G. Jona-Lasinio (1961), Dynamical Model of Elementary Particles Based on an Analogy with Superconductivity. I, Phys. Rev. 122, 345-358
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In particle physics, chiralsymmetrybreaking generally refers to the dynamical spontaneous breaking of a chiralsymmetry associated with massless fermions...
contains more matter than antimatter is caused by a chiral anomaly. Research into chiralsymmetrybreaking laws is a major endeavor in particle physics research...
distinct steps: mirror-symmetrybreaking creates a minute enantiomeric imbalance, chiral amplification builds on this imbalance, and chiral transmission is the...
of QCD. Of these chiralsymmetries, the baryon number symmetry is exact. Some of the broken symmetries include the axial U(1) symmetry of the flavour group...
2004 Nobel Prize in Physics. Chiralsymmetrybreaking, the spontaneous symmetrybreaking of an important global symmetry of quarks, detailed below, with...
Chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) is an effective field theory constructed with a Lagrangian consistent with the (approximate) chiralsymmetry of quantum...
condition by Gerard 't Hooft states that the calculation of any chiral anomaly for the flavor symmetry must not depend on what scale is chosen for the calculation...
magnetic catalysis is specifically associated with spontaneous breaking of flavor or chiralsymmetry in quantum field theory, which is enhanced or triggered...
denoted the pseudo-vector or chiral current, is the conserved current associated to the chiralsymmetry or axial symmetry of a system. According to Noether's...
field. A chiral condensate is an example of a fermionic condensate that appears in theories of massless fermions with chiralsymmetrybreaking, such as...
exhibit unexpected rich phenomena like confinement with and without chiralsymmetrybreaking and a new kind of electric-magnetic duality – Seiberg duality....
also leads to chiralsymmetrybreaking. Then M is equal to N+1 the moduli space is not modified and so there is no chiralsymmetrybreaking, however there...
to use Landau symmetry-breaking theory to describe the chiral spin state. They identified the chiral spin state as a state that breaks the time reversal...
Viedma ripening or attrition-enhanced deracemization is a chiralsymmetrybreaking phenomenon observed in solid/liquid mixtures of enantiomorphous (racemic...
than a result of chiralsymmetrybreaking. The rho mesons can be thought of as the gauge bosons of a spontaneously broken gauge symmetry whose local character...
temperature, the field causes spontaneous symmetrybreaking during interactions. The breaking of symmetry triggers the Higgs mechanism, causing the bosons...
breaking event in the formation of the universe, the final one being chiralsymmetrybreaking in the quark sector. This has two related effects: Via the Higgs...
through mass–energy equivalence. This phenomenon is related to chiralsymmetrybreaking. In the case of nucleons – protons and neutrons – QCD binding energy...
interactions. Additionally, chiralsymmetrybreaking can be analyzed in terms of an effective field theory (called chiral perturbation theory) which allows...
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