Resistivity increases in a slab of zirconium pentatelluride with the strength of the applied magnetic field for all angles between the current and the field but the angle of 0° when they are parallel: in this configuration of the fields a chiral non-dissipative current appears.
Chiral magnetic effect (CME) is the generation of electric current along an external magnetic field induced by chirality imbalance. Fermions are said to be chiral if they keep a definite projection of spin quantum number on momentum. The CME is a macroscopic quantum phenomenon present in systems with charged chiral fermions, such as the quark–gluon plasma, or Dirac and Weyl semimetals.[1] The CME is a consequence of chiral anomaly in quantum field theory; unlike conventional superconductivity or superfluidity, it does not require a spontaneous symmetry breaking. The chiral magnetic current is non-dissipative, because it is topologically protected: the imbalance between the densities of left-handed and right-handed chiral fermions is linked to the topology of fields in gauge theory by the Atiyah-Singer index theorem.
The experimental observation of CME in a Dirac semimetal ZrTe5 was reported in 2014 by a group from Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University.[2][3] The material showed a conductivity increase in the Lorentz force-free configuration of the parallel magnetic and electric fields.
In 2015, the STAR detector at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Brookhaven National Laboratory[4] and ALICE: A Large Ion Collider Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, CERN[5] presented an experimental evidence for the existence of CME in the quark–gluon plasma.[6]
^D. Kharzeev (2014). "The Chiral Magnetic Effect and anomaly-induced transport". Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. 75: 133–151. arXiv:1312.3348. Bibcode:2014PrPNP..75..133K. doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2014.01.002. S2CID 118508661.
^Q. Li, D. E. Kharzeev, C. Zhang, Y. Huang, I. Pletikosić, A. V. Fedorov, R. D. Zhong, J. A. Schneeloch, G. D. Gu & T. Valla (2016). "Chiral magnetic effect in ZrTe5". Nature Physics. 12 (6): 550–554. arXiv:1412.6543. Bibcode:2016NatPh..12..550L. doi:10.1038/nphys3648. S2CID 99424051.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^Brookhaven National Laboratory (8 February 2016). "Chiral magnetic effect generates quantum current". Phys.org. Retrieved 4 Jan 2019.
^L. Adamczyk et al. (STAR Collaboration) (2015). "Observation of charge asymmetry dependence of pion elliptic flow and the possible chiral magnetic wave in heavy-ion collisions". Physical Review Letters. 114 (25): 252302. arXiv:1504.02175. Bibcode:2015PhRvL.114y2302A. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.252302. PMID 26197122. S2CID 13186933.
^R. Belmont et al. (ALICE Collaboration) (2014). "Charge-dependent anisotropic flow studies and the search for the Chiral Magnetic Wave in ALICE". Nuclear Physics A. 931: 981. arXiv:1408.1043. Bibcode:2014NuPhA.931..981B. doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2014.09.070. S2CID 118833403.
^Brookhaven National Laboratory (8 June 2015). "Scientists see ripples of a particle-separating wave in primordial plasma". Phys.org. Retrieved 4 Jan 2019.
and 28 Related for: Chiral magnetic effect information
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observed the effect in experiments carried out on the inversion layer of MOSFETs. In 1980, Klaus von Klitzing, working at the high magnetic field laboratory...
American theoretical physicist most notable for his work on the chiralmagneticeffect. Dmitri Kharzeev received his PhD in quantum field theory from Moscow...
Bogdanov AN, Schafer R, Rossler UK (2011). "Chiral skyrmions in thin magnetic films: new objects for magnetic storage technologies?". Journal of Physics...
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waves that are the propagating modes in chiral media. The second relates to the triplet of electric field, magnetic field and Poynting vector that arise...
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molecules will cancel the chiraleffect. Due to the cooperative nature of liquid crystal ordering, however, a small amount of chiral dopant in an otherwise...
And circularly polarized light itself is chiral: as the wave proceeds in one direction the electric (and magnetic) fields composing it are rotating clockwise...
; Goldhaber, A. S. (1984). "Two-phase models of baryons and the chiral Casimir effect". Physics Letters B. 140 (5–6): 280–284. Bibcode:1984PhLB..140....
to the free energy density due to distortions in this order. For a non-chiral nematic liquid crystal, F d {\displaystyle {\mathcal {F}}_{d}} is commonly...
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conclusively proven, to be in Bose–Einstein condensates, thin magnetic films and in chiral nematic liquid crystals and in free-space optics. As a model...
and to investigate macroscopic quantum phenomena, such as the chiralmagneticeffect. The governance of STAR is via two branches: the institutional Council...
that lack chirality rotate the plane of polarized light, as shown by Michael Faraday. Magnetic optical rotation is known as the Faraday effect, and its...
direction of the magnetic field. Commonly, the magnetic catalysis is specifically associated with spontaneous breaking of flavor or chiral symmetry in quantum...
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around 3 K and high magnetic fields. Graphene shows the quantum Hall effect with respect to conductivity quantization: the effect is anomalous in that...
The term chiral /ˈkaɪrəl/ describes an object, especially a molecule, which has or produces a non-superposable mirror image of itself. In chemistry, such...
shown that the magnetic structure in particular its chirality/handedness, of a CME can greatly affect how it interacts with Earth's magnetic field. This...
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