Dragon dance at the 2008 Spring Festival celebrations in the Barrio Chino of Mexico City
Total population
24,499 Chinese nationals in Mexico (2020)[1] 965 nationals of Taiwan in Mexico (2020)[2]
est. 70,000 Mexicans of Chinese descent (2008)[3]
(0.1% of Mexican population)
Regions with significant populations
Baja California • Mexico City
Languages
Mexican Spanish • Mandarin • Cantonese
Related ethnic groups
Overseas Chinese • Asian Mexicans • Asian Latin Americans
Chinese immigration to Mexico began during the colonial era and has continued to the present day. However, the largest number of migrants to Mexico have arrived during two waves: the first spanning from the 1880s to the 1940s and another, reinvigorated wave of migrants arriving since the early 21st century. Between 1880 and 1910, during the term of President Porfirio Díaz, the Mexican government was trying to modernize the country, especially in building railroads and developing the sparsely populated northern states. When the government could not attract enough European immigrants, it was decided to allow Chinese migrant workers into the country.[4] At first, small Chinese communities appeared mostly in the north of the country, but by the early 20th century, Chinese communities could be found in many parts of the country, including the capital of Mexico City.[5] By the 1920s, the number of Chinese in the country was about 26,000.[6]
However, strong anti-Chinese sentiment, especially in Sonora and Sinaloa, led to deportations and illegal expulsions of Chinese-Mexican families in the 1930s with an official count of 618 Chinese-Mexicans by 1940.[7] Soon after the first wave of expulsions, efforts began to repatriate Chinese-Mexican families, which resulted in two major returns and various small groups returning between the late 1930s and the 1980s. Today, there are two main Chinese communities in Mexico: one in Mexicali and another in Mexico City.[8]
After decades of low numbers migrating, the number of Chinese migrants is once again growing rapidly. In the 2000 census 1,754 Chinese nationals were counted as living in the country, while in the 2010 census the number of permanent residents was up to 6,655,[9] with a total (permanent and temporary) migrant population of about 11,000.[10] In 2009, the Instituto Nacional de Migración granted 2,661 migratory requests from individuals from China, while in 2010 it was 3,620, meaning growth for one year of 36%.[11] Of the 54,440 migrants granted permanent residency in 2013, 4,743 (8.71%) were Chinese, more than any other group except for Americans with 12,905 (23.7%).[10]
^"International Migration Database". OECD. Archived from the original on 11 June 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2021. Country of birth/nationality: China, Variable: Stock of foreign population by nationality
^"International Migration Database". OECD. Archived from the original on 11 June 2009. Retrieved 21 December 2021. Country of birth/nationality: Chinese Taipei, Variable: Stock of foreign population by nationality
^"Chinese-Mexicans celebrate repatriation to Mexico". The San Diego Union-Tribune. 23 November 2012. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
^Campos Rico, Ivonne Virginia (2003). La Formación de la Comunidad China en México: políticas, migración, antichinismo y relaciones socioculturales (thesis) (in Spanish). Mexico City: Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH-SEP). pp. 68–70.
^Campos Rico, Ivonne Virginia (2003). La Formación de la Comunidad China en México: políticas, migración, antichinismo y relaciones socioculturales (thesis) (in Spanish). Mexico City: Escuela Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH-SEP). pp. 76–78.
^"Meet the Chinese-Mexican community in Mexicali". Fusion. Univision. Archived from the original on 9 March 2017. Retrieved 29 January 2017.
^Curtis, James R. (July 1995). "Mexicali's Chinatown". Geographical Review. 85 (3). New York: 335–349. Bibcode:1995GeoRv..85..335C. doi:10.2307/215277. JSTOR 215277.
^Schiavone Camacho, Julia Maria (November 2009). "Crossing Boundaries, Claiming a Homeland: The Mexican Chinese Transpacific Journey to Becoming Mexican, 1930s-1960s". Pacific Historical Review. 78 (4). Berkeley: 547–565. doi:10.1525/phr.2009.78.4.545.
^"Conociendo...nos todos" (PDF). INEGI. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
^ abZenyazen Flores (2014). "México vive segunda oleada de inmigrantes provenientes de China". El Financiero. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
^"Registra INM incremento de migrantes chinos". Terra. Archived from the original on 24 December 2014. Retrieved 18 December 2014.
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