Share of children born alive that die before the age of 5 (2017)[1]Breakdown of child mortality by cause, OWID
Child mortality is the mortality of children under the age of five.[2] The child mortality rate (also under-five mortality rate) refers to the probability of dying between birth and exactly five years of age expressed per 1,000 live births.[3]
It encompasses neonatal mortality and infant mortality (the probability of death in the first year of life).[3]
Reduction of child mortality is reflected in several of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. Target 3.2 states that "by 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce … under‑5 mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1,000 live births."[4]
Child mortality rates have decreased in the last 40 years. Rapid progress has resulted in a significant decline in preventable child deaths since 1990, with the global under-5 mortality rate declining by over half between 1990 and 2016.[3] While in 1990, 12.6 million children under age five died, in 2016, that number fell to 5.6 million children, and then in 2020, the global number fell again to 5 million.[3] However, despite advances, there are still 15,000 under-five deaths per day from largely preventable causes.[3] About 80 percent of these occur in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, and just 6 countries account for half of all under-five deaths: China, India, Pakistan, Nigeria, Ethiopia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.[3] 45% of these children died during the first 28 days of life.[5] Death rates were highest among children under age 1, followed by children ages 15 to 19, 1 to 4, and 5 to 14.[6][7][8]
^"Child mortality". Our World in Data. Archived from the original on 2022-09-14.
^"WHO Child mortality and causes of death". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on April 29, 2011. Retrieved 2019-11-26.
^ abcdef"Under-five mortality". UNICEF. December 2021. Archived from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 2019-11-26.
^"Goal 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages". United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Archived from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 2019-11-26.
^Liu L, Oza S, Hogan D, Chu Y, Perin J, Zhu J, et al. (December 2016). "Global, regional, and national causes of under-5 mortality in 2000–15: an updated systematic analysis with implications for the Sustainable Development Goals". The Lancet. 388 (10063): 3027–3035. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31593-8. PMC 5161777. PMID 27839855.
^"Infant, Child, and Teen Mortality". Child Trends. Archived from the original on 30 November 2016.
^"A Snapshot of Civil Registration in Sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). UNICEF. 2017-12-05. Archived from the original on 21 March 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
^"A Child is a Child: Protecting children on the move from violence, abuse and exploitation" (PDF). UNICEF. 2017-05-18. Archived from the original on 1 September 2022. Retrieved 4 April 2018.
Childmortality is the mortality of children under the age of five. The childmortality rate (also under-five mortality rate) refers to the probability...
infant mortality rate (IMR), which is the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. Similarly, the childmortality rate,...
childmortality rate was 38 per thousand.[citation needed] Other specific measures of mortality include: For any of these, a "sex-specific mortality rate"...
ChildMortality in Ghana describes the childmortality in the country of Ghana. Like in other parts of the world, childmortality is declining in Ghana...
growth concerns have only become possible with drastically reduced childmortality and sustained fertility. In 2017 the global total fertility rate was...
year of age. Childmortality is the death of a child before the child's fifth birthday. Like maternal mortality, infant and childmortality were common...
bound for distinguishing between child and adult is culturally mediated, and may range from 13 to 18. Childmortality refers to the collective deaths of...
Chen, "Levels and Trends in ChildMortality: Report 2014: Estimates Developed by the UN Interagency Group for Childmortality Estimation" Archived 2015-08-14...
Maternal death or maternal mortality is defined in slightly different ways by several different health organizations. The World Health Organization (WHO)...
equation relating mortality looks like this: MRf = a + b*MRm. MRf is female childmortality, a is residual female mortality when male mortality is 0, the slope...
Perinatal mortality (PNM) is the death of a fetus or neonate and is the basis to calculate the perinatal mortality rate. Perinatal means "relating to the...
high as 3.5 in undeveloped countries because of higher mortality rates, especially childmortality. The global average for the replacement total fertility...
Inter-agency Group for ChildMortality Estimation it stood at 28 per 1,000 live births. "Infant Mortality and Maternal Mortality in Indian states". www...
primary education To promote gender equality and empower women To reduce childmortality To improve maternal health To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases...
Whereas it was widely believed that the sanctions more than doubled the childmortality rate, research following the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq has shown...
50% of global child deaths. Targeting efforts in these countries is essential to reducing the global child death rate. Childmortality is caused by factors...
Mortality salience is the awareness that one's death is inevitable. The term derives from terror management theory, which proposes the so-called mortality...
changed from 5.3 to 1.7 which mainly caused by One-child policy. Infant Mortality rate and Under-5 mortality rate went down sharply. Though there is no data...
in childmortality and increases in life expectancy. From 1961 to 1979 childmortality declined by 64%, the third-fastest decrease in childmortality of...
percent of childmortality worldwide, about 1 million children. There is a strong association between undernutrition and childmortality. Another estimate...
In epidemiology, the excess deaths or excess mortality is a measure of the increase in the number deaths during a time period and/or in a certain group...
reducing some of the common causes of child and maternal mortality. Between 2000 and 2016, the worldwide under-five mortality rate decreased by 47 percent (from...
War on infant and childmortality in Iraq". PubMed. Dyson, Tim; Cetorelli, Valeria (1 July 2017). "Changing views on childmortality and economic sanctions...
Child labour is the exploitation of children through any form of work that interferes with their ability to attend regular school, or is mentally, physically...
health. The burden of infectious diseases, maternal mortality, childmortality and infant mortality are typically substantially higher in those countries...
people honor the dead Mortality Birthday effect Childmortality Excess mortality Gompertz–Makeham law of mortality Infant mortality Karoshi Maternal death...
(MDGs) 1, 4, 5 and 6 highlight, respectively, how poverty, hunger, childmortality, maternal health, the eradication of HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis...
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