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Chemosensory speciation (chemosensory isolation) is the evolution of a population to become distinct species that is driven by chemical stimuli (i.e., chemical signals, recognition). These chemical signals may create premating or other isolating behavioral barriers that prevent gene flow among subpopulations that eventually lead to two separate species.[1]
Chemosensory pathways are vital for exogenous and endogenous recognition and processing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs);[2] therefore, they are viewed as active attributors to an organism's behavior.[1][3] Chemosensory pathways involving: odorant binding proteins (OBP), chemosensory proteins (CSP), gustatory receptors (GR), and sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMP), have been investigated in numerous biological systems as genetic barriers. These chemosensory genes are utilized for identification of candidate loci that are under positive selection. Experiments are commonly tailored to studying an organism's response to alterations in their chemosensory pathways, or using molecular phylogenetics to analyze the divergence of these systems in sister taxa. Sensory pathways allow integration of environmental stimuli that strongly influence an organism's behavior and are hypothesized to have broad implications as a module of behavioral selection;[2] nevertheless, here it will be reviewed briefly in three well-supported modules: Resource Identification (foraging behaviors), Conspecific Interactions (sexual selection), and Host Recognition.
^ abSmadja C, Butlin RK (January 2009). "On the scent of speciation: the chemosensory system and its role in premating isolation". Heredity. 102 (1): 77–97. doi:10.1038/hdy.2008.55. PMID 18685572. S2CID 25964561.
^ abVieira FG, Rozas J (2011-01-01). "Comparative genomics of the odorant-binding and chemosensory protein gene families across the Arthropoda: origin and evolutionary history of the chemosensory system". Genome Biology and Evolution. 3: 476–90. doi:10.1093/gbe/evr033. PMC 3134979. PMID 21527792.
^Smadja C, Ganem G (2008-01-01). "Divergence of odorant signals within and between the two European subspecies of the house mouse". Behavioral Ecology. 19 (1): 223–230. doi:10.1093/beheco/arm127. ISSN 1045-2249.
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