Global InformationCeodes umbellifera information
| Ceodes umbellifera | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Nyctaginaceae |
| Genus: | Ceodes |
| Species: | C. umbellifera
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| Binomial name | |
| Ceodes umbellifera (J. R. Forster & G. Forster) Seemann
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Ceodes umbellifera, synonym Pisonia umbellifera, commonly known as the birdlime tree[2] or bird catcher tree, is a species of plant in the Nyctaginaceae family. The evergreen shrub has soft wood, small pink or yellow flowers, and produces cavate brown fruit throughout the period March to April.[3] The species has been categorized under different genera in its documented lifetime, being reallocated between Pisonia and Ceodes.[4] Its former genus, Pisonia, is named after a Dutch scientist, Willem Piso, and umbellifera is derived from Latin umbelliferum, denoting the species' big, 'shade-carrying' foliage.[5]
The tree's fruit often trap insects, small mammals and birds.[6] This is because the sticky sap of the fruit sticks to the skin, fur or feathers of the animal and renders it immovable.[7] As such, ensnared creatures will often die from starvation[3] or be unable to defend themselves from natural predators.[7]
It grows throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific.[3] It is native to the Andaman Islands, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Hawaii, Africa and Madagascar and the states of New South Wales and Queensland in Australia.[6][8] A variegated form is widely cultivated in frost-free climates.[9] Historically, the shrub has some remedial herbal use in indigenous Hawaiian[10] and Chinese culture.[11] Due to this, it has been the subject of limited scientific study examining its medicinal properties.[11][12]
- ^ "Ceodes umbellifera J.R.Forst. & G.Forst". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- ^ "Pisonia umbellifera". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
- ^ a b c Cite error: The named reference
:15was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:11was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Native Plants Hawaii". nativeplants.hawaii.edu. Archived from the original on 22 March 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2021.
- ^ a b Jacobs, S.W.L.; G. J. Harden. "Pisonia umbellifera". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Archived from the original on 10 September 2007. Retrieved 14 April 2009.
- ^ a b Cite error: The named reference
:4was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Pisonia umbellifera". Flora of China. Archived from the original on 13 October 2012. Retrieved 14 April 2009.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
:5was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:10was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b Liu, Zhiguo; Zheng, Xilong; Wang, Yanan; Tang, Mengyue; Chen, Shilin; Zhang, Fangbo; Li, Li; Zhang, Cun; Sun, Yi (2018). "Lignans and isoflavonoids from the stems of Pisonia umbellifera". RSC Advances. 8 (29): 16383–16391. Bibcode:2018RSCAd...816383L. doi:10.1039/c8ra02240b. ISSN 2046-2069. PMC 9080244. PMID 35542222.
- ^ Kuo, Hsiou-Ting; Peng, Chien-Fang; Huang, Hung-Yi; Lin, Chu-Hung; Chen, Ih-Sheng; Tsai, Ian-Lih (24 November 2010). "Chemical Constituents and Antitubercular Activity of FormosanPisonia umbellifera". Planta Medica. 77 (7): 736–741. doi:10.1055/s-0030-1250534. ISSN 0032-0943. PMID 21108171. Archived from the original on 23 July 2021. Retrieved 23 July 2021.