Molecule able to contain another molecule within itself
In chemistry, a cavitand is a container-shaped molecule.[2] The cavity of the cavitand allows it to engage in host–guest chemistry with guest molecules of a complementary shape and size. The original definition proposed by Cram includes many classes of molecules: cyclodextrins, calixarenes, pillararenes and cucurbiturils.[3] However, modern usage in the field of supramolecular chemistry specifically refers to cavitands formed on a resorcinarene scaffold by bridging adjacent phenolic units.[4] The simplest bridging unit is methylene (−CH2−), although dimethylene (−(CH2)2−), trimethylene (−(CH2)3−), benzal, xylyl, pyridyl, 2,3-disubstituted-quinoxaline, o-dinitrobenzyl, dialkylsilylene, and phosphonates are known. Cavitands that have an extended aromatic bridging unit, or an extended cavity containing 3 rows of aromatic rings are referred to as deep-cavity cavitands and have broad applications in host-guest chemistry.[5][6] These types of cavitands were extensively investigated by Rebek, and Gibb, among others.
^Freeman, Wade A. (1984). "Structures of the p-xylylenediammonium chloride and calcium hydrogensulfate adducts of the cavitand 'cucurbituril', C36H36N24O12" (PDF). Acta Crystallographica Section B. 40 (4): 382–387. doi:10.1107/S0108768184002354.
^D. J. Cram (1983). "Cavitands: organic hosts with enforced cavities". Science. 219 (4589): 1177–1183. Bibcode:1983Sci...219.1177C. doi:10.1126/science.219.4589.1177. PMID 17771285. S2CID 35255322.
^Moran, John R.; Karbach, Stefan; Cram, Donald J. (October 1982). "Cavitands: synthetic molecular vessels". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 104 (21): 5826–5828. doi:10.1021/ja00385a064.
^Jordan, J. H.; Gibb, B. C. (2017). "1.16 - Water-Soluble Cavitands☆". In Atwood, Jerry (ed.). Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry II. Elsevier. pp. 387–404. ISBN 9780128031995.
^Wishard, A.; Gibb, B.C. (2016). "A chronology of cavitands". Calixarenes and beyond. Springer. pp. 195–234. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-31867-7_9. ISBN 978-3-319-31867-7.
^Cai, X.; Gibb, B. C. (2017). "6.04 - Deep-Cavity Cavitands in Self-Assembly". In Atwood, Jerry (ed.). Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry II. Elsevier. pp. 75–82. ISBN 9780128031995.
In chemistry, a cavitand is a container-shaped molecule. The cavity of the cavitand allows it to engage in host–guest chemistry with guest molecules of...
cavitand cages and metalloprisms are some of the more common. Cavitand cages are formed by linking bowl-shaped organic molecules called cavitands. The...
supramolecular catalysis. Encapsulation systems such as micelles, dendrimers, and cavitands are also used in catalysis to create microenvironments suitable for reactions...
of the band and are tilted inwards, forming a partly enclosed cavity (cavitand). The name is derived from the resemblance of this molecule with a pumpkin...
can hold smaller molecules or ions, calixarenes belong to the class of cavitands known in host–guest chemistry. Calixarene nomenclature is straightforward...
p-xylylenediammonium chloride and calcium hydrogensulfate adducts of the cavitand 'cucurbituril', C36H36N24O12". Acta Crystallogr B. 40 (4): 382–387. doi:10...
A number of molecular structures are based on this macrocycle, namely cavitands and carcerands. The resorcinarenes are typically prepared by condensation...
Reactions of a 5-Substituted Aziadamantane in a Resorcin[4]arene-based Cavitand". Organic Letters. 12 (2): 332–335. doi:10.1021/ol902667a. ISSN 1523-7060...
Brinker, Udo H. (2009). "Controllable Selective Functionalization of a Cavitand via Solid State Photolysis of an Encapsulated Phenyl Azide". Organic Letters...
of abuse to CB8, and a series of small molecules to Gibb Deep Cavity Cavitands (GDCCs), as detailed on the SAMPL8 GitHub repository. An additional pKa...
reduction of the imine bonds with sodium borohydride. Shell closure of two cavitands forms carcerand complexes with components of the medium as permanent guests...