The Caves and Ice Age Art in the Swabian Jura are a collection of six caves in southern Germany which were used by Ice Age humans for shelter about 33,000 to 43,000 years ago. Within the caves were found the oldest non-stationary works of human art yet discovered, in the form of carved animal and humanoid figurines, in addition to the oldest musical instruments ever found.[1][2][3] One statuette of a female form, carved figurines of animals (including cave lions, mammoths, horses and cattle), musical instruments and items of personal adornment have been discovered. Some of the figurines depict creatures that are half animal, half human.[1] Because of their testimony to the development of Paleolithic art and culture, the six caves were inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2017.[1]
The caves are seen as the first centre of human art,[1][4][5] were named "cradle of art"[6] and "cradle of civilization",[7] with a continuous cultural heritage over 6000 years,[8] and are among the first settlements of modern humans in Europe.[9]
Bone flute from the Geissenklösterle cave, dated around c. 43,150–39,370 BP, are the oldest musical instruments ever found.[10] The 41,000 to 39,000-year-old Lion Man[11] and the 42,000 to 41,000-year-old Venus of Hohle Fels[12][13] are the oldest confirmed sculptures in the world.
^ abcd"Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance in Nancy". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. UNESCO. Retrieved 17 October 2021.
^Daley, Jason. "World's Oldest Figurative Art is Now an Official World Treasure". Smithsonian Magazine.
^"Earliest music instruments found". BBC News. 25 May 2012.
^"World's Oldest Figurative Art is Now an Official World Treasure".
^"Earliest music instruments found". BBC News. 24 May 2012.
^"Sommerserie «Anfänge» - Die Wiege der Kunst". Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) (in German). 25 July 2014. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
^Archäologie erleben - Mission Eiszeit | SWR Geschichte & Entdeckungen, retrieved 16 February 2024
^"42.000 Jahre alte Perlenfunde: So schmückten sich die Eiszeitmenschen". Der Tagesspiegel Online (in German). ISSN 1865-2263. Retrieved 16 February 2024.
^"Atlas of the Human Journey - the Genographic Project". Archived from the original on 5 February 2011.
^"Earliest music instruments found". BBC News. 25 May 2012. Archived from the original on 3 September 2017.
^"Ice Age Lion Man is world's earliest figurative sculpture". The Art Newspaper. 31 January 2013. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015.
^Archäologie erleben - Mission Eiszeit | SWR Geschichte & Entdeckungen, retrieved 16 February 2024
^""It must be a woman" - The female depictions from Hohle Fels date to 40,000 years ago..." Universität Tübingen. July 22, 2016. Archived from the original on October 11, 2016. Retrieved July 26, 2016.
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