The Carmel Indians (pronounced Car'-mul) are a group of Melungeons who lived in Magoffin County, Kentucky and moved to Highland County, Ohio. Dr. Edward Price observed that the most common surnames among the families were Gibson, Nichols and Perkins. His research found that the ancestors of the group were listed as free people of color on census records.[1] Paternal line descendants of Bryson Gibson and Valentine Collins who participated in the Melungeon DNA Project belong to Haplogroup E-M2.[2] The group were listed as free Black and Mulatto in Kentucky prior to the American Civil War.[3][4]
As researcher Paul Heinegg (1997) has documented the ancestry of the majority of the Free Negro population can be traced to African Americans free in Virginia before the American Revolution. He has found that most of these free African Americans were mixed-race children of early unions during the colonial period between white women, indentured servant or free, and African men, indentured servant, free, or enslaved. This was before the racial caste had hardened and, on small farms, white and black workers lived near each other and associated. According to the law, children were born into the social status of their mothers, by the principle of partus sequitur ventrem, adopted in the 17th-century Virginia colony. Since the mothers were white and free, their children were free born.[5]
^Price, Edward Thomas, Jr. 1950 "The Mixed-blood Strain of Carmel, Ohio, and Magoffin County, Kentucky", Ohio Journal of Science 50(6):281-290.
^
Melungeon Core Y DNA Project
^ “Magoffin County (KY) Enslaved, Free Blacks, and Free Mulattoes, 1860-1880,” Notable Kentucky African Americans Database, accessed September 1, 2023, https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/2447.
^ “Morgan County (KY) Enslaved, Free Blacks, and Free Mulattoes, 1850-1870,” Notable Kentucky African Americans Database, accessed September 1, 2023, https://nkaa.uky.edu/nkaa/items/show/2484.
^Heinegg, Paul, 1997-2005, Free African Americans of North Carolina and Virginia (3rd edition). Clearfield Company, Inc., Baltimore, Maryland. Also on the web at Paul Heinegg, http://www.freeafricanamericans.com
The CarmelIndians (pronounced Car'-mul) are a group of Melungeons who lived in Magoffin County, Kentucky and moved to Highland County, Ohio. Dr. Edward...
Department of Interior Report of Indians Taxed and not Taxed within the "Tennessee" report, "The civilized (self-supporting) Indians of Tennessee, counted in...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
of Carmel Valley, California, it is on the National Register of Historic Places and is a National Historic Landmark. From 1797 until 1833, Carmel Mission...
Black Indians: A Hidden Heritage. Simon and Schuster. pp. 254. ISBN 9781442446373. Retrieved 1 March 2019. black indians. Snyder (2010), "Indian Slave...
(1903). Two Little Savages: Being the Adventures of Two Boys who Lived as Indians and what They Learned. New York: Grosset and Dunlap. Kidd, Kenneth B. (2004)...
Black: Conflict and Accommodation in the Post Civil War Indian Territory, 1865-1907". American Indian Quarterly. 8 (3). University of Nebraska Press: 212...
Lockett Camp Nelson National Cemetery Canterbury Female Boarding School CarmelIndians Carmen: A Hip Hopera Carmen Jones Carmen Jones (film) Caught Up (film)...
centuries, from Kansas to New York City, by both African Americans and West Indian immigrants. In the mid-1980s, the number of Black Hebrews in the United...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
and smoked it over hickory coals... — Charles Hudson, The Southeastern Indians African, European, and Native Americans of the American South supplemented...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Black Indians Black Seminoles Mascogos Blaxicans Brass Ankles Creoles of color Dominickers Freedmen Great Dismal Swamp maroons Melungeon CarmelIndians Redbone...
Global Information