Pope ClementIX (r. 1667–1669) created 12 cardinals in three consistories: Giacomo Rospigliosi, nephew of the Pope– cardinal-priest of S. Sisto (received...
family name by adopting the Paoluzzi family. He also established a new tax in Rome, which led to conflicts with ambassadors and cardinals. Clement X celebrated...
Pope Pius IX (r. 1846–1878) created 123 cardinals in 23 consistories. Pius created four cardinals at his first consistory, two of them in pectore. Gaetano...
The antipope Clement VII died at Avignon on 16 September 1394, but the French cardinals quickly elected a successor on 28 September: Cardinal Pedro de Luna...
longest-serving cardinals in history, Henry spent his whole life in the Papal States and became the Dean of the College of Cardinals and Cardinal-Bishop of...
Innocent IX died in the early morning of 30 December 1591. He was buried in the Vatican Grottoes in a simple tomb. Cardinalscreatedby Innocent IX Popes...
that lasted four months while cardinals argued over whether to call in Charles I of Anjou, the youngest brother of Louis IX of France, to carry on the papal...
Pope Clement VII (r. 1523–1534) created 32 new cardinals: Benedetto Accolti, archbishop of Ravenna – cardinal-priest of S. Eusebio (received the title...
– 16 September 1394) was elected to the papacy as Clement VII (French: Clément VII) by the cardinals who opposed Pope Urban VI and was the first antipope...
church and created several new titles, rewards, and orders to elevate those who in his view deserved merit. Pius IXcreated 122 new cardinals, of whom 64...
was created a Cardinal Priest by Pope Benedict XII (1334–1342) on 18 December 1338, in his only Consistory for the creation of cardinals. He created six...
obedience. Following Clement's death on 16 September 1394, the cardinals met at Avignon. The conclave consisted of 11 French cardinals, eight Italians, four...
Alexander VII (r. 1655–1667) created thirty eight new cardinals in six consistories: Flavio Chigi, Cardinal-Nephew – cardinal-priest of S. Maria del Popolo...
people of Viterbo. Since Pope Adrian had created no new cardinals, the number of cardinals was twelve; Cardinal Simon de Brion was still in France, serving...
Ferrarese high nobility. Two nephews of ClementIX were made Cardinals: Giacomo (d. 1684), was appointed Cardinal-nephew by his uncle in 1667, and became internuncio...
1378–1389) created 42 cardinals in four consistories held throughout his pontificate. In 1381 he named his future successor Pope Boniface IX as a cardinal. The...
VI's subsequent election, a group of French cardinals declared his election to be invalid and elected Clement VII, who claimed to be the true pope. After...
Innocent XIII held two consistories in which he named three cardinals. One of those new cardinals was his own brother, Bernardo Maria. Innocent XIII beatified...
Innocent IX, and Clement VIII. Clement's creations were the most numerous, as he had created thirty-nine of the cardinal electors. Innocent IX had created one...
alienating King Charles V of France. The cardinals were mortally offended. Five months after his election, the French cardinals met at Anagni, inviting Urban, who...
archdiocese by Pope Boniface IX with the papal bull In eminentissimae dignitatis. In 1716, at the request of King John V, Pope Clement XI issued the bull In...
the 12 cardinals remained in the city. It was not until June 1243 that all the Cardinals, assembled at Anagni and not in Rome, elected Cardinal Sinibaldo...
of a schism induced the cardinals to agree to an election by compromise. Cardinals Ugolino of Ostia (afterwards Pope Gregory IX) and Guido Papareschi were...
naming Giulio Rospigliosi as a cardinal and whom would eventually succeed him as Pope ClementIX. Out of all the cardinals whom he had named, the pope had...
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