Heat treatment process in which a metal or alloy is infused with carbon to increase hardness
Not to be confused with Carbonization, Carburation, or Carbonation.
A modern computerised gas carburising furnace
Carburizing, or carburising, is a heat treatment process in which iron or steel absorbs carbon while the metal is heated in the presence of a carbon-bearing material, such as charcoal or carbon monoxide. The intent is to make the metal harder and more wear resistant.[1] Depending on the amount of time and temperature, the affected area can vary in carbon content. Longer carburizing times and higher temperatures typically increase the depth of carbon diffusion. When the iron or steel is cooled rapidly by quenching, the higher carbon content on the outer surface becomes hard due to the transformation from austenite to martensite, while the core remains soft and tough as a ferritic and/or pearlite microstructure.[2]
This manufacturing process can be characterized by the following key points: It is applied to low-carbon workpieces; workpieces are in contact with a high-carbon gas, liquid or solid; it produces a hard workpiece surface; workpiece cores largely retain their toughness and ductility; and it produces case hardness depths of up to 0.25 inches (6.4 mm). In some cases it serves as a remedy for undesired decarburization that happened earlier in a manufacturing process.
^"Carburizing of Steel". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. Archived from the original on 2011-08-31. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
^Oberg, E., Jones, F., and Ryffel, H. (1989) Machinery's Handbook 23rd Edition. New York: Industrial Press Inc.
general, pack carburizing equipment can accommodate larger workpieces than liquid or gas carburizing equipment, but liquid or gas carburizing methods are...
compound composed of carbon and a metal. In metallurgy, carbiding or carburizing is the process for producing carbide coatings on a metal piece. The carbides...
those used for carburizing (around 950 °C / 1700 °F) and for shorter times. Carbonitriding tends to be more economical than carburizing, and also reduces...
further application for vacuum furnaces is Vacuum Carburizing also known as Low Pressure Carburizing or LPC. In this process, a gas (such as acetylene)...
contained in the materials the flame processes. The flame is also called carburizing flame, since it tends to introduce carbon soot into the molten metal...
accomplished by the following or similar approaches: Low-temperature carburizing treatments such as Kolsterising can eliminate galling in austenitic stainless...
from oxidation. Endothermic gas is often used as a carrier gas for gas carburizing and carbonitriding. An endothermic gas generator could be used to supply...
ambient air, vacuum, inert gas, oxidizing/reducing gases, corrosive gases, carburizing gases, vapors of liquids or "self-generated atmosphere"; as well as a...
The cementation process is an obsolete technology for making steel by carburization of iron. Unlike modern steelmaking, it increased the amount of carbon...
include annealing, case hardening, precipitation strengthening, tempering, carburizing, normalizing and quenching. Although the term heat treatment applies...
components treated with conventional heat treatments such as hardening, carburizing, nitriding, nitrocarburizing or induction hardening. Most borided steel...
matrix of relatively pure iron, which is too soft to make a good blade. Carburizing thin iron bars or plates forms a layer of harder, high carbon steel on...
chloride salt mixtures are used for surface modification of alloys such as carburizing and nitrocarburizing of steel. Cryolite (a fluoride salt) is used as...
Fe + CO 2 / H 2 O {\displaystyle {\ce {FeO + CO/H2 -> Fe + CO2/H2O}}} Carburizing produces cementite (Fe3C): 3 Fe + CH 4 ⟶ Fe 3 C + 2 H 2 {\displaystyle...
the process of decreasing carbon content, which is the opposite of carburization. The term is typically used in metallurgy, describing the decrease of...
crystal-crystal transition at −87.1 °C. Cyclohexane vapour is used in vacuum carburizing furnaces, in heat treating equipment manufacture. The 6-vertex edge ring...
iron appears in 5th-century BC China. New methods of producing it by carburizing bars of iron in the cementation process were devised in the 17th century...
become a major commodity until the 1850s. New methods of producing it by carburizing bars of iron in the cementation process were devised in the 17th century...
characteristics of this class of steel is the ability to be case hardened by carburization of the surface. The core of the material retains its bulk properties...
"MIL-S-6090A, Military Specification: Process for Steels Used In Aircraft Carburizing and Nitriding". United States Department of Defense. 7 Jun 1971. Archived...
the alloy for additional hardness. Also, while Harveyized armour was carburized by heating the steel and placing charcoal on its surface for long periods...
indispensable material for the recycling of steel. Other products include fine carburizing agents for iron casting. Fine Carbon Department In addition to VGCF carbon...
experimentally used as an inhalation anesthetic. Acetylene is sometimes used for carburization (that is, hardening) of steel when the object is too large to fit into...
Despite the naming, the process is a modified form of nitriding and not carburizing. The shared attribute of this class of this process is the introduction...
temperature sufficiently high for diffusion to occur. In the case of pack carburizing, the temperature must be 900 °C and the part must be allowed to sit for...
rendered obsolete by the development of Krupp armor in the late 1890s. Carburizing Brown, David K. (2003). Warrior to Dreadnought, Warship Development 1860–1905...
raw input materials from the heat source, allowing precise control of carburization (raising) or decarburization (lowering carbon content). Fluxes, such...
Conshohocken, PA. W.E. Jominy & A.L. Boegehold, "A Hardenability Test for Carburizing Steel," Trans. ASM, Vol. 26, 1938, p 574-606. Description of hardenability...
Global Information