It has been suggested that Spanish East Indies be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since February 2024.
1565–1898 Spanish possession in Southeast Asia
Captaincy General of the Philippines
Capitanía General de Filipinas(Spanish)
Kapitaniya Heneral ng Pilipinas(Tagalog)
1565–1898[1]
Flag
Coat of arms
Motto: Plus Ultra "Further Beyond"
Anthem:Marcha Real (1565–1873, 1874–1899) "Royal March"
Himno de Riego (1873–1874) "Anthem of Riego"
Lesser coat of arms:
Status
Captaincy General of the Spanish Empire
Captaincy General of New Spain (1565–1821)
Capital
Cebu City (1565–1569)
Manila (1571–1898)
Iloilo City (1898)
Official languages
Spanish
Common languages
Philippine languages • Micronesian languages
Religion
Roman Catholicism (state religion), Islam, Philippine traditional religion
Government
Monarchy
King
• 1565–1598 (first)
Philip II
• 1886–1898 (last)
Alfonso XIII
Governor-General
• 1565–1572 (first)
Miguel López de Legazpi
• 1898 (last)
Diego de los Ríos
Legislature
Cortes Generales
History
• Spanish conquest
27 April 1565
• Dutch invasion
15 March 1646
• British invasion
24 September 1762
• Cavite Mutiny
20 January 1872
• Philippine Revolution
19 August 1896
• Declaration of Independence
12 June 1898
• United States annexation of the Philippines and Guam
10 December 1898[1]
Currency
Spanish dollar, Spanish peseta
Time zone
16 to 12 hours behind GMT (27 April 1565–30 December 1844)8 to 12 hours ahead of GMT (1 January 1845 onwards)
ISO 3166 code
PH
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Ancient Barangays
Revolutionary government
The Captaincy General of the Philippines[a] was an administrative district of the Spanish Empire in Southeast Asia governed by a governor-general as a dependency of the Viceroyalty of New Spain based in Mexico City until Mexican independence when it was transferred directly to Madrid.
The Captaincy General formed part the Spanish East Indies, which included among others the Philippine Islands, the Mariana Islands, and the Caroline Islands. It was founded in 1565 with the first permanent Spanish forts.
For centuries, all the administrative, political and economic aspects of the Captaincy General were administered in Mexico City by the Viceroyalty of New Spain for the Spanish Crown. However, in 1821, following the independence of the Mexican Empire, all control was transferred to Madrid. It was succeeded by the short-lived First Philippine Republic following its independence through the Philippine Revolution.
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