Candida humilis information

Candida humilis
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Fungi
Division:	Ascomycota
Class:	Saccharomycetes
Order:	Saccharomycetales
Family:	Saccharomycetaceae
Genus:	Candida
Species:	C. humilis
Binomial name
	Candida humilis; (E.E.Nel & Van der Walt) S.A.Mey. & Yarrow (1978)
Synonyms
	Torulopsis humilis E.E.Nel & Van der Walt (1968); Torulopsis acidi-lactici Nakase, Komag. & Konishi (1977); Candida milleri Yarrow (1978);

Kazachstania humilis (prev. Candida humilis) is a species of yeast in the genus Kazachstania.^[3] It commonly occurs in sourdough and kefir cultures, along with different species of lactic acid bacteria (e.g., Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Companilactobacillus paralimentarius, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, and Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis).^[4]^[5]^[6] K. humilis is the most representative yeast species found in type I sourdough ecosystems. The effects of electric field strength, pulse width and frequency, or pulse shape is significant on the membranes of Candida humilis, but not very noticeable.^[7]

K. humilis was separated from C. milleri in The Yeasts (fifth edition) in September 2016,^[8] although this is not universally accepted and they are still considered synonymous.

^ Cite error: The named reference Yarrow 1978 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference urlFungorum synonymy: Candida humilis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Wittwer, Anna E.; Sicard, Delphine; Howell, Kate S. (2022-10-01). "Kazachstania humilis". Trends in Microbiology. 30 (10): 1012–1013. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2022.05.007. ISSN 0966-842X. PMID 35659741. S2CID 249289280.
^ De Vuyst L, Van Kerrebroeck S, Harth H, Huys G, Daniel HM, Weckx S (2014). "Microbial ecology of sourdough fermentations: diverse or uniform?". Food Microbiology. 37: 11–29. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2013.06.002. PMID 24230469.
^ Zheng, Jinshui; Wittouck, Stijn; Salvetti, Elisa; Franz, Charles M.A.P.; Harris, Hugh M.B.; Mattarelli, Paola; O’Toole, Paul W.; Pot, Bruno; Vandamme, Peter; Walter, Jens; Watanabe, Koichi; Wuyts, Sander; Felis, Giovanna E.; Gänzle, Michael G.; Lebeer, SarahYR 2020 (2020). "A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (4): 2782–2858. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004107. hdl:10067/1738330151162165141. ISSN 1466-5034. PMID 32293557. S2CID 215771564.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^ Vigentini I, Antoniani D, Roscini L, Comasio A, Galafassi S, Picozzi C, Corte L, Compagno C, Dal Bello F, Cardinali G, Foschino R (2014). "Candida milleri species reveals intraspecific genetic and metabolic polymorphisms". Food Microbiology. 42: 72–81. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2014.02.011. PMID 24929720.
^ Ou, Qi-Xing; Nikolic-Jaric, Marija; Gänzle, Michael (June 2017). "Mechanisms of inactivation of Candida humilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by pulsed electric fields". Bioelectrochemistry. 115: 47–55. doi:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.12.005. PMID 28063751. S2CID 33863955.
^ "Kazachstania humilis NCBI:txid51915". Retrieved 2019-10-12.

[Yarrow_1978-1] Cite error: The named reference Yarrow 1978 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[urlFungorum_synonymy:_Candida_humilis-2] Cite error: The named reference urlFungorum synonymy: Candida humilis was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] Wittwer, Anna E.; Sicard, Delphine; Howell, Kate S. (2022-10-01). "Kazachstania humilis". Trends in Microbiology. 30 (10): 1012–1013. doi:10.1016/j.tim.2022.05.007. ISSN 0966-842X. PMID 35659741. S2CID 249289280.

[Sourdough_microbiology_review-4] De Vuyst L, Van Kerrebroeck S, Harth H, Huys G, Daniel HM, Weckx S (2014). "Microbial ecology of sourdough fermentations: diverse or uniform?". Food Microbiology. 37: 11–29. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2013.06.002. PMID 24230469.

[5] Zheng, Jinshui; Wittouck, Stijn; Salvetti, Elisa; Franz, Charles M.A.P.; Harris, Hugh M.B.; Mattarelli, Paola; O’Toole, Paul W.; Pot, Bruno; Vandamme, Peter; Walter, Jens; Watanabe, Koichi; Wuyts, Sander; Felis, Giovanna E.; Gänzle, Michael G.; Lebeer, SarahYR 2020 (2020). "A taxonomic note on the genus Lactobacillus: Description of 23 novel genera, emended description of the genus Lactobacillus Beijerinck 1901, and union of Lactobacillaceae and Leuconostocaceae". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 70 (4): 2782–2858. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.004107. hdl:10067/1738330151162165141. ISSN 1466-5034. PMID 32293557. S2CID 215771564.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

[pmid24929720-6] Vigentini I, Antoniani D, Roscini L, Comasio A, Galafassi S, Picozzi C, Corte L, Compagno C, Dal Bello F, Cardinali G, Foschino R (2014). "Candida milleri species reveals intraspecific genetic and metabolic polymorphisms". Food Microbiology. 42: 72–81. doi:10.1016/j.fm.2014.02.011. PMID 24929720.

[7] Ou, Qi-Xing; Nikolic-Jaric, Marija; Gänzle, Michael (June 2017). "Mechanisms of inactivation of Candida humilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae by pulsed electric fields". Bioelectrochemistry. 115: 47–55. doi:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2016.12.005. PMID 28063751. S2CID 33863955.

[8] "Kazachstania humilis NCBI:txid51915". Retrieved 2019-10-12.

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