"kcal" redirects here; this article is about the unit of energy. For other uses, see KCAL (disambiguation) and Calorie (disambiguation).
calorie
Unit of
energy
Symbol
cal
Conversions
1 cal in ...
... is equal to ...
joules
4.182 J
The calorie is a unit of energy that originated from the caloric theory of heat.[1][2] The large calorie, food calorie, dietary calorie, or kilogram calorie is defined as the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one liter of water by one degree Celsius (or one kelvin).[1][3] The small calorie or gram calorie is defined as the amount of heat needed to cause the same increase in one milliliter of water.[3][4][5][1] Thus, 1 large calorie is equal to 1000 small calories.
A 710-millilitre (24 US fl oz) energy drink with 330 large calories
In nutrition and food science, the term calorie and the symbol cal may refer to the large unit or to the small unit in different regions of the world. It is generally used in publications and package labels to express the energy value of foods in per serving or per weight, recommended dietary caloric intake,[6][7] metabolic rates, etc. Some authors recommend the spelling Calorie and the symbol Cal (both with a capital C) if the large calorie is meant, to avoid confusion;[8] however, this convention is often ignored.[6][7][8]
In physics and chemistry, the word calorie and its symbol usually refer to the small unit, the large one being called kilocalorie (kcal). However, the kcal is not officially part of the International System of Units (SI), and is regarded as obsolete,[2] having been replaced in many uses by the SI derived unit of energy, the joule (J),[9] or the kilojoule (kJ) for 1000 joules.
The precise equivalence between calories and joules has varied over the years, but in thermochemistry and nutrition it is now generally assumed that one (small) calorie (thermochemical calorie) is equal to exactly 4.184 J, and therefore one kilocalorie (one large calorie) is 4184 J or 4.184 kJ.[10][11]
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The calorie is a unit of energy that originated from the caloric theory of heat. The large calorie, food calorie, dietary calorie, or kilogram calorie is...
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Safety and Applied (2022-02-25). "Calories on the New Nutrition Facts Label". FDA. Canada, Health (2012-01-12). "Calories". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2022-11-16...
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context of calorimetry, thereby officially deprecating the use of the calorie. This definition was the direct precursor of the joule as adopted in the...
Lyndel; Beeken, Laurence (13 March 2018). The Calorie, Carb and Fat Bible 2011: The UK's Most Comprehensive Calorie Counter. Diet and Fitness Resources. ISBN 9781904512097...
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food energy than sugar-based sweeteners, making it a zero-calorie (non-nutritive) or low-calorie sweetener. Artificial sweeteners may be derived through...
Delaney, 47, president of Calorie Restriction Society International (CRSI), about the calorie restriction (CR) diet. Calorie Restriction Society International...
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Calorie restriction mimetics (CRM), also known as energy restriction mimetics, are a hypothetical class of dietary supplements or drug candidates that...
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