A village bundle is a bundle or basket filled with ceremonial objects. It represents the spiritual and social organization of the village or community to which it belongs. These are associated with Native American groups including the Caddoan farming villages. The bundle is possessed by an individual, but the power it contains binds the group together.
For groups such as the Arikara and the Pawnee, the bundle was a skin envelope with objects inside that could symbolize ideologies and rituals. It is a physical representation of how the people view their world. These objects showed how the keeper of the bundle was descended directly from the original bundle-keeper, all of whom keep the bundles at their homes to be cared for by their wives. In general, the knowledge of the bundle was not common knowledge, but possessed by a priest who would slowly pass this knowledge on to a younger relative, who could carry on the knowledge after his death. The powers represented and contained in the bundle assured the survival of the village and therefore the universe. It controlled all production and social relations, so that if the bundle was lost or destroyed, the people of the village would die. While in ideological terms the bundles may maintain the universe, in literal terms, they were very powerful symbols that helped maintain the chief and ensure the loyalty of his people.
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are associated with Native American groups including the Caddoan farming villages. The bundle is possessed by an individual, but the power it contains...
The Caddoan Mississippian culture was a prehistoric Native American culture considered by archaeologists as a variant of the Mississippian culture. The...
Atayos, and Nadais. The extinct Adai language was once thought to be Caddoan, but may be a language isolate and remains unclassified because of a lack...
historically spoke Caddoan languages. By 800 CE, this society had begun to coalesce into the Caddoan Mississippian culture. Some villages began to gain prominence...
include Kadohadacho, Natchitoches and Yatasi. Caddo is a member of the Caddoan language family; this family includes the Pawnee-Kitsai (Keechi) languages...
Natchitoches Tribe of Louisiana. The name Hasinai means "our own people" in Caddoan. The Spanish knew the Hasinai as the Tejas or Texas, from a form of greeting...
Indians" . The American Cyclopædia. 1879. "Natchitoches. A tribe of the Caddoan linguistic family of Indians" . New International Encyclopedia. 1905....
A sacred bundle or a medicine bundle is a wrapped collection of sacred items, held by a designated carrier, used in Indigenous American ceremonial cultures...
to the Caddoan language family, and their name for themselves is Chatiks si chatiks or "Men of Men". Historically, the Pawnee lived in villages of earth...
archaeological site in Weeping Mary, Texas. This Caddoan Mississippian culture site is composed of a village and ceremonial center that features two earthwork...
Soto's exploits in the interior of North America. The Tula were possibly a Caddoan people, but this is not certain. Based on the descriptions of the various...
of Oklahoma. 7 (2): 188–193. Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
somewhat lower level of social stratification. The Caddoan people were speakers of one of the many Caddoan languages. These languages once had a broad geographic...
language. There is not sufficient evidence to conclusively relate Adai to Caddoan languages, the only documentation being a list of 275 words compiled by...
(retrieved 11 Sept 2009) Bolton, 88 Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
Chickasaw. Some remnants of the tribe fled west and joined the Nassoni and the Caddoan-speaking Natchitoches. By the late 18th century, the remaining Kadohadacho...
Parish or more likely as their status as middlemen in trading flint from Caddoan peoples to their north to the stone deficit Atakapa and Chitimacha peoples...
Hasinai women dancing the turkey dance when warriors returned to their village. In the 21st century, Caddo women still dance with a ceremonial cane presented...
34 Bolton, 35 Sturtevant, 629 Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
47-8 Early 125 Sturtevant 629 Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
in Mississippi. and Fort Ancient sites in Ohio. Pottery produced by the Caddoan Mississippian culture is some of the finest known in North America. It...
(retrieved 6 Sept 2009) Bolton, 51 Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
Village of the Natchez (22 AD 501), also known as the Fatherland Site, is a 128.1-acre (0.518 km2) site encompassing a prehistoric indigenous village...
moved from the Republican River north along the Missouri River. They were Caddoan language speakers, and the Arikara were often early competitors with the...
Bolton, 48 and 50 Sturtevant, 629 Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
The Emerald Mound and Village Site (Emerald Site) is a pre-Columbian archaeological site located northwest of the junction of Emerald Mound Grange and...
12 Sturtevant, 629 Bolton, 30 Bolton, Herbet E. The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press...
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