This article is about the philosophical and political term. For architecture, see Byzantine architecture.
Byzantinism, or Byzantism, is the political system and culture of the Byzantine Empire, and its spiritual successors the Orthodox Christian Balkan countries of Greece and Bulgaria especially, and to a lesser extent Serbia and some other Orthodox countries in Eastern Europe like Belarus, Georgia, Russia and Ukraine.[1][2] The term Byzantinism itself was coined in the 19th century.[3] The term has primarily negative associations, implying complexity and autocracy.[citation needed]
This negative reputation stressed the confusing complexities of the Empire's ministries and the elaborateness of its court ceremonies. Likewise, the "Byzantine system" also suggests a penchant for intrigue, plots and assassinations and an overall unstable political state of affairs.[how?] The term has been criticized by modern scholars for being a generalization that is not very representative of the reality of the Byzantine aristocracy and bureaucracy.[4][5]
^Dimiter G. Angelov, Byzantinism: The Imaginary and Real Heritage of Byzantium in Southeastern Europe, in Dimitris Keridis, Ellen Elias-Bursać, Nicholas Yatromanolakis, New approaches to Balkan studies, Brassey's, 2003, ISBN 1-57488-724-6, Google Print, p.3
Feliks Koneczny, German culture is deeply rooted in Byzantinism, a phenomenon he calls German Byzantinism (Polish: Bizantynizm niemiecki). It started with...
courts such as those in the Balkan states, the Ottoman Empire and Russia. Byzantinism is a term that was coined for this spread of the Byzantine system in...
such as those in the Balkan states, the Ottoman Empire, and Russia. Byzantinism is a term that was coined for this spread of the Byzantine system in...
Despite the occasionally derogatory use of the terms "Byzantine" and "Byzantinism", the Byzantine bureaucracy had a distinct ability to adapt to the empire's...
the rulers still maintained this conception of imperial hierarchy. Byzantinism Byzantine culture Eastern Orthodox Church Eastern Orthodoxy by country...
Press. p. 299. Guilland, Rodolphe (1943). "Les Eunuques dans l'Empire Byzantin: Étude de titulature et de prosopographie byzantines". Études Byzantines...
except those of Jesus and Mary. Grabar, André (1984) [1957]. L'iconoclasme byzantin: le dossier archéologique [Byzantine iconoclasm: The archaeological record]...
University of Toronto Press. ISBN 978-0-8020-6627-5. Mango, Cyril (1965). "Byzantinism and Romantic Hellenism". Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes...
who were known as Lombardi. Jules Gay, L'Italie meridionale et l'empire Byzantin, Parigi 1904, vol. II, p. 450-453. David Abulafia, Le due Italie: relazioni...
were Raška architectural school, Morava architectural school and Serbo-Byzantin architectural style. During the same period UNESCO protected Stećak monumental...
has been composed by several musicians, Fikret Kızılok is one of them. Byzantinism Cypriotism Greece–Turkey relations Foreign policy of the Recep Tayyip...
reappraise many of the interpretations of his work, including his supposed Byzantinism. Based on the notes written in El Greco's own hand, on his unique style...
Brzezinski & Vuksic 2006, p. 5. M. Canard, "Sur Deux Termes Militaires Byzantins d'Origin Orientale" in Byzantion, 40 (1970), pp. 226–229. "Huszárok- Lexikon ::"...
human interactions, is more important than theory and abstractions. Byzantinism King-in-Parliament Oriental despotism Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality...
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