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Burghal Hidage information


A map of places named in the Burghal Hidage

The Burghal Hidage (/ˈbɜːrɡəl ˈhdɪ/) is an Anglo-Saxon document providing a list of over thirty fortified places (burhs), the majority being in the ancient Kingdom of Wessex, and the taxes (recorded as numbers of hides) assigned for their maintenance.[1] The document, so named by Frederic William Maitland in 1897, survives in two versions of medieval and early modern date.[1][2] Version A, Cotton Otho B.xi was badly damaged in a fire at Ashburnham House in 1731 but the body of the text survives in a transcript made by the antiquary Laurence Nowell in 1562.[1] Version B survives as a composite part of seven further manuscripts, usually given the title De numero hydarum Anglie in Britannia.[3] There are several discrepancies in the lists recorded in the two versions of the document: Version A includes references to Burpham, Wareham and Bridport but omits Shaftesbury and Barnstaple which are listed in Version B. Version B also names Worcester and Warwick in an appended list.[1]

The Burghal Hidage offers a detailed picture of the network of burhs that Alfred the Great designed to defend his kingdom from the predations of Viking invaders.[1][4]

  1. ^ a b c d e Hill/ Rumble. The Defence of Wessex. p. 5
  2. ^ Maitland. Domesday Book and Beyond. pp. 502 – 503
  3. ^ Hill/ Rumble. The Defence of Wessex. p. 14
  4. ^ Stenton, F. (1971). Anglo-Saxon England. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

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Burghal Hidage

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The Burghal Hidage (/ˈbɜːrɡəl ˈhaɪdɪdʒ/) is an Anglo-Saxon document providing a list of over thirty fortified places (burhs), the majority being in the...

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Alfred the Great

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Winchester. A document now known as the Burghal Hidage provides an insight into how the system worked. It lists the hidage for each of the fortified towns contained...

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Burh

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be struck outside a burh. A tenth-century document, now known as the Burghal Hidage and so named by Frederic William Maitland in 1897, cites thirty burhs...

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Tribal Hidage

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Hill, David; Rumble, Alexander R. (1996). The Defence of Wessex: the Burghal Hidage and Anglo-Saxon Fortifications. Manchester, New York: Manchester University...

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Heptarchy

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England (3rd edition. Oxford U. P. 1971). Monarchs of Britain, Encyclopædia Britannica ogdoad.force9.co.uk: The Burghal Hidage – Wessex's fortified burhs...

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South London

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Suthriganaweorc, the fortress of the men of Surrey, mentioned in the Burghal Hidage as part of military system created by Alfred the Great to defeat the...

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Eorpeburnan

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Eorpeburnan is the first place identified in the Burghal Hidage, a document created in the late 9th or early 10th century, that provides a list of thirty...

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Bridport

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derives from another location nearby. In the early 10th century the Burghal Hidage recorded the existence of a fortified centre or burh in this area, called...

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Chichester

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Chichester was one of these and was rebuilt probably between 878–879. The Burghal Hidage is an Anglo-Saxon document that provides a list of over thirty burhs...

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Great Heathen Army

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taxation and conscription that is recorded in a document now known as the Burghal Hidage. The burhs were connected with a network of military roads, known as...

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Cricklade

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burhs (boroughs, i.e. fortresses or fortified towns) recorded in the Burghal Hidage document, which describes a system of fortresses and fortified towns...

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Fyrd

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required to maintain each town was laid down in a document known as the Burghal Hidage. Each lord had his individual holding of land assessed in hides. Based...

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Battle of Bedcanford

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the 4,000 for the three burhs of Oxford, Buckingham and Sashes in the Burghal Hidage from about 100 years later.[citation needed] "The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle"...

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Taxation in medieval England

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conscription that is contained in a document, now known as the Burghal Hidage. The Burghal Hidage contains a list of over thirty fortified places and the taxes...

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Guildford

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left to his nephew, Aethelwold. Although it does not appear in the Burghal Hidage, compiled c. 914, by the end of the 10th century the town was sufficiently...

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Viking activity in the British Isles

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standing army, he set up a taxation and conscription system known as the Burghal Hidage. In 892 a new Viking army, with 250 ships, established itself in Appledore...

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Battle of Buttington

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burhs, and the standing army, he set up a taxation system known as the Burghal Hidage. Viking raids still continued but his defences made it difficult for...

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Kingdom of Kent

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when they laid siege until it was liberated by Alfred's army. The Burghal Hidage lists the construction of the Eorpenburnam fort, possibly Castle Toll...

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Southwark

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for the area in the 10th-century Anglo-Saxon document known as the Burghal Hidage and means "fort of the men of Surrey" or "the defensive work of the...

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Buckingham

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the present Buckingham parish church. Buckingham is mentioned in the Burghal Hidage, a document commonly ascribed to the early tenth century, but more probably...

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London Borough of Southwark

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the place in the early 10th-century Anglo-Saxon document known as the Burghal Hidage and means "Surrey folk's fort" or "the defensive work of the men of...

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Battle of Edington

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threat was contained. However, the system of military reforms and the Burghal Hidage introduced by Edward the Elder enabled Alfred's successors to retake...

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Shaftesbury

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a burgh (fortified settlement) here as a defence in the struggle with the Danish invaders. The burgh is recorded in the early-10th-century Burghal Hidage...

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Portchester Castle

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a burh to help defend the country against Vikings, as listed in the Burghal Hidage. It is uncertain when the castle was built, although it was probably...

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Ancient borough

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document which has survived in later iterations, named by scholars the Burghal Hidage, which lists thirty three burhs in Wessex and English Mercia. Most of...

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