Concrete bunkers built between the 1960s and 1980s
Bunkers in Albania
One of over 750,000 bunkers built in People's Socialist Republic of Albania during the rule of Enver Hoxha
One of over 750,000 bunkers built in Albania during the rule of Enver Hoxha.
Site information
Condition
1967-1986: Military Bases
1986-2024:
Bars/Shops
Site history
Built
1967 (1967)–1986 (1986)
Built by
People's Socialist Republic of Albania
In use
1967–1991
Materials
Concrete, steel
Demolished
Partly
Concrete military bunkers are a ubiquitous sight in Albania, with an average of 5.7 bunkers for every square kilometer (14.7 per square mile). The bunkers (Albanian: bunkerët) were built during the Hoxhaist government led by the Leader Enver Hoxha from the 1960s to the 1980s, as the government fortified Albania by building more than 750,000 bunkers.[1][2][3]
Hoxha's program of "bunkerization" (bunkerizimi) resulted in the construction of bunkers in every corner of the then-People's Socialist Republic of Albania, ranging from mountain passes to city streets. They were never used for their intended purpose during the years that Hoxha governed. The cost of constructing them was a drain on Albania's resources, diverting them away from dealing with the country's housing shortage and poor roads.
The bunkers were abandoned following the dissolution of the communist government in 1992. A few were used in the Albanian insurrection of 1997 and the Kosovo War of 1999. Most are now derelict, though some have been reused for a variety of purposes, including residential accommodation, cafés, storehouses, and shelters for animals or the homeless.[4]
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