In thermofluids dynamics, the bulk temperature, or the average bulk temperature in the thermal fluid, is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties related to convective heat transfer, particularly in applications related to flow in pipes and ducts.
The concept of the bulk temperature is that adiabatic mixing of the fluid from a given cross section of the duct will result in some equilibrium temperature that accurately reflects the average temperature of the moving fluid, more so than a simple average like the film temperature.[1]
^Kreith, Frank, and Bohn, Mark S. Principles of Heat Transfer, Sixth Edition. Brooks/Cole: Pacific Grove, CA, 2001.
In thermofluids dynamics, the bulktemperature, or the average bulktemperature in the thermal fluid, is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties...
high and low bulk Curie temperatures, however will only have one mean-field Curie temperature. A higher density of lower bulktemperatures results in a...
with the bulktemperature.": 2248 The temperature further below that is called ocean temperature or deeper ocean temperature. Ocean temperatures (more than...
Hooke's law. The reciprocal of the bulk modulus at fixed temperature is called the isothermal compressibility. The bulk modulus K {\displaystyle K} (which...
average of the surface T s {\displaystyle T_{s}} and the surrounding bulktemperature, T ∞ {\displaystyle {{T}_{\infty }}} . T f = T s + T ∞ 2 {\displaystyle...
sources. Peak temperature for a bulk quantity of matter was achieved by a pulsed-power machine used in fusion physics experiments. The term bulk quantity draws...
{\displaystyle T_{0}} is the initial temperature of the material (or the temperature of the bulk material). Temperatures vary widely in the literature and...
low softening temperature allows for developing simple methods for making composites of nanoparticles (e.g. carbon nanotubes) and bulk metallic glasses...
to approximately 1/T for ideal gases) Ts is the surface temperature T∞ is the bulktemperature L is the vertical length D is the diameter ν is the kinematic...
In dairy farming a bulk milk cooling tank is a large storage tank for cooling and holding milk at a cold temperature until it can be picked up by a milk...
is a nearly hundredfold range of thermodynamic temperature. The thermodynamic temperature of any bulk quantity of a substance (a statistically significant...
The Bulk Richardson Number (BRN) is an approximation of the Gradient Richardson number. The BRN is a dimensionless ratio in meteorology related to the...
services such as crop production, are texture, structure, bulk density, porosity, consistency, temperature, colour and resistivity. Soil texture is determined...
Incropera & DeWitt Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer, 4th Ed Film Temperature Archived 2009-02-22 at the Wayback Machine Bulk and Film Temperatures...
moderated nuclear reactors, the bulk of reactivity changes with respect to temperature are brought about by changes in the temperature of the water. However each...
packaging. Osmium is the densest known element at standard conditions for temperature and pressure. To simplify comparisons of density across different systems...
temperature, the vapor pressure of the liquid becomes sufficient to overcome atmospheric pressure and allow bubbles of vapor to form inside the bulk of...
corresponds to a temperature of about a billion kelvins. Due to the Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics, a bulk gas at a much lower temperature will still contain...
core while the outer portion remains solid and cannot be equated with bulktemperature. The location of the charge relative to its target is critical for...
in volume. The reciprocal of compressibility at fixed temperature is called the isothermal bulk modulus. The specification above is incomplete, because...
maintain fusion and produce net energy output, the bulk of the fuel must be raised to high temperatures so its atoms are constantly colliding at high speed;...
dynamics in the bulk, but in agreement with models that compare bulk and surface dynamics. In polymers the glass transition temperature, Tg, is often expressed...
thermal engineering, the logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) is used to determine the temperature driving force for heat transfer in flow systems...
Global Information