Budai information

Budai
Budai
	Glazed ceramic sculpture of Budai.; China, Ming dynasty, 1486.
Died	916 or 917 CE
Chinese name
Chinese	布袋
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	bùdài
Wade–Giles	Pu4-tai4
IPA	[pûtâɪ]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization	Bou-doih
Jyutping	Bou3-doi6
IPA	[pou˧tɔːi˨]
Southern Min
Hokkien POJ	Pò͘-tē
Alternative Chinese name
Chinese	笑佛
Literal meaning	Laughing Buddha
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Xiào Fó
Wade–Giles	Hsiao4 Fo2
Second alternative Chinese name
Chinese	胖佛
Literal meaning	Fat Buddha
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Pàng Fó
Wade–Giles	P'ang4 Fo2
Third alternative Chinese name
Chinese	快乐佛
Literal meaning	Happy Buddha
Hanyu Pinyin
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin	Kuàilè Fó
Wade–Giles	K'uali'he4 Fo2
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese alphabet	Bố Đại
Chữ Hán	布袋
Thai name
Thai	พระสังกัจจายน์จีน
RTGS	Phra Sangkajaijeen
Korean name
Hangul	포대
Hanja	布袋
Revised Romanization
Transcriptions
Revised Romanization	Podae
McCune–Reischauer	P'odae
Japanese name
Kanji	布袋
Hiragana	ほてい
Romanization
Transcriptions
Romanization	Hotei

Budai (Chinese: 布袋; pinyin: Bùdài; Korean: 포대, romanized: Podae; Japanese: 布袋, romanized: Hotei; Vietnamese: Bố Đại) is a nickname given to the ancient Chinese monk Qici (Chinese: 契此) who is often identified with and venerated as Maitreya Buddha in Chan Buddhism. With the spread of Chan Buddhism, he also came to be venerated in Vietnam, Korea, and Japan.^[1] He is said to have lived around the 10th century CE in the Wuyue kingdom.

The name "Budai" literally means "cloth sack",^[1] and refers to the bag he is usually depicted carrying as he wanders aimlessly. His jolly nature, humorous personality, and eccentric lifestyle distinguish him from most Buddhist masters or figures. He is almost always shown smiling or laughing, hence his nickname in Chinese, the "Laughing Buddha".^[a]^[2]^[3] Budai is traditionally depicted as overweight and having a huge stomach (possibly a symbol of abundance or forgiveness) and many stories surrounding Budai involve his love of food and drink. Because of this, he is also referred to as the "Fat Buddha", especially in the Western world. He is often mistaken by Westerners to be the original Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama.^[4]

The main textual record of Budai's life resides in a collection of Chan Buddhist monks' biographies known as The Transmission of the Lamp.^[5]

^ ^a ^b Leighton, Taigen Dan (1998). Bodhisattva Archetypes: Classic Buddhist Guides to Awakening and Their Modern Expression. New York: Penguin Arkana. pp. 260–261. ISBN 0140195564. OCLC 37211178.
^ Cook, Francis Dojun (2002). How to Raise an Ox. Wisdom Publications. p. 166 note 76. ISBN 9780861713172.
^ "The Laughing Buddha". Religionfacts.com. Archived from the original on 2012-01-06. Retrieved 2011-12-26.
^ Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Chapin, H. B. (1933). "The Chan Master Pu-tai". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 53 (1): 47–52. doi:10.2307/593188. JSTOR 593188.

Cite error: There are <ref group=lower-alpha> tags or {{efn}} templates on this page, but the references will not show without a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} template or {{notelist}} template (see the help page).

[leighton-1] Leighton, Taigen Dan (1998). Bodhisattva Archetypes: Classic Buddhist Guides to Awakening and Their Modern Expression. New York: Penguin Arkana. pp. 260–261. ISBN 0140195564. OCLC 37211178.

[dojuncook-3] Cook, Francis Dojun (2002). How to Raise an Ox. Wisdom Publications. p. 166 note 76. ISBN 9780861713172.

[laughing-4] "The Laughing Buddha". Religionfacts.com. Archived from the original on 2012-01-06. Retrieved 2011-12-26.

[:2-5] Cite error: The named reference :2 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[:1-6] Chapin, H. B. (1933). "The Chan Master Pu-tai". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 53 (1): 47–52. doi:10.2307/593188. JSTOR 593188.

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