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British Malaya information


British Malaya
Tanah Melayu British (Malay)
1826–1942
1942–1945 (Japanese occupation)
1945–1957
Flag of British Malaya
Flag of the United Kingdom and the British Empire
British dependencies in Malaya and Singapore, 1888
British dependencies in Malaya and Singapore, 1888
Demonym(s)Malayan
Membership
  • British Malaya Straits Settlements
  • British Malaya Federated Malay States

  • Unfederated Malay States
GovernmentImperial
• 1826–1830
George IV
• 1830–1837
William IV
• 1837–1901
Victoria
• 1901–1910
Edward VII
• 1910–1936
George V
• 1936–1936
Edward VIII
• 1936–1942
George VI
• 1942–1945
Interregnum
• 1945–1952
George VI
• 1952–1957
Elizabeth II
LegislatureParliament
• Upper house
House of Lords
• Lower house
House of Commons
History
• Anglo-Dutch Treaty 1824
17 March 1824
• East India Company establishment
27 November 1826
• Pangkor Treaty 1874
20 January 1874
• Japanese occupation
15 February 1942 – 2 September 1945
• British Military Administration
12 September 1945
• Malayan Union
1 April 1946
• Federation of Malaya
1 February 1948
• Emergency declared
16 June 1948
• Reid Commission
18 January 1956
• Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957
31 July 1957
• Federation of Malaya Independence Day
31 August 1957
Preceded by
Succeeded by
British Malaya Kedah Sultanate
British Malaya Johor Sultanate
British Malaya Dutch Malacca
British Malaya Selangor
British Malaya Perak
British Malaya Pahang
British Malaya Negeri Sembilan
British Malaya Rattanakosin Kingdom
Federation of Malaya British Malaya
Colony of Singapore British Malaya

The term "British Malaya" (/məˈlə/; Malay: Tanah Melayu British) loosely describes a set of states on the Malay Peninsula and the island of Singapore that were brought under British hegemony or control between the late 18th and the mid-20th century. Unlike the term "British India", which excludes the Indian princely states, British Malaya is often used to refer to the Federated and the Unfederated Malay States, which were British protectorates with their own local rulers, as well as the Straits Settlements, which were under the sovereignty and direct rule of the British Crown, after a period of control by the East India Company.

Before the formation of the Malayan Union in 1946, the territories were not placed under a single unified administration, with the exception of the immediate post-war period when a British military officer became the temporary administrator of Malaya. Instead, British Malaya comprised the Straits Settlements, the Federated Malay States, and the Unfederated Malay States. Under British hegemony, Malaya was one of the most profitable territories of the Empire, being the world's largest producer of tin and later rubber. During the Second World War, Japan ruled a part of Malaya as a single unit from Singapore.[1]

The Malayan Union was unpopular and in 1948 was dissolved and replaced by the Federation of Malaya, which became fully independent on 31 August 1957. On 16 September 1963, the federation, along with North Borneo (Sabah), Sarawak, and Singapore, formed the larger federation of Malaysia.[2]

  1. ^ Cheah Boon Kheng 1983, p. 28.
  2. ^ C. Northcote Parkinson, "The British in Malaya" History Today (June 1956) 6#6 pp 367–375.

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